This study examines the long-term trends of two parallel and related gender effects, in light of the hypothesis that highly rewarded occupations will be the most penalized by the process of feminization. Using multilevel models of the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series data from 1970 to 2007, the study analyzes trends in women's occupational…

A confining limitation for the occupational sex segregation literature has been the inability to determine how many persons of one sex "would" have entered an occupation had the other sex not successfully entered instead. Using panel data from all American colleges of veterinary medicine (1976-1995), a fixed-effects model with lagged independent…

Several studies have analyzed the impact of obesity on occupational standing. This study extends previous research by estimating the influence of body mass on occupational attainment over three decades of the career using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. In a series of covariance structure analyses, we considered three mechanisms that…

Focusing on post-Soviet Ukraine, this paper examines how social transformations changed family formation, leading to the world's lowest fertility rate. The findings show that before Ukraine gained independence, highly educated women had higher first birth rates after controlling for school enrollment and marriage. After independence, highly…

Work uncertainty may affect gender disparities in professionals' upward mobility in organizational hierarchies. Professional work involves three forms of uncertainty--problem variability, strategic indeterminacy and dependence on autonomous actors--that weaken the association between performance and ability, leading organizational decision-makers…

Analyzes panel data from the National Longitudinal Survey (1966-81) to determine how job experience, education, marital status, occupational characteristics, and industrial sector interact with race and gender to create gender and race gaps in earnings. Results reveal a number of complex race/gender interactions affecting income inequality.…

Compares occupational attainment of non-White immigrants (West Indians, East Indians, Bangladeshis, Pakistanis, Chinese, Africans) in London and New York. Results indicate that New York is occupationally more favorable than London for non-White immigrant men, perhaps because in New York, African American and Puerto Rican men are at the bottom of…

A resource approach to economic segmentation more adequately explains racial income inequality in metropolitan areas, particularly for males, than do traditional models. The resource approach emphasizes job and production factors, such as firm size and unionization, as well as social organizational factors in local labor markets. Contains 48…

Reports on the childhood antecedents of the sexual division of labor, analyzing the family chores and paid employment of boys and girls, ages 2 to 17. Data show family background characteristics and structure have little impact compared to sex and age as determinants of sex typing. (Author/APM)

Analysis of North Carolina survey data indicates that females' average hourly wages were 71% of males', and blacks' wages were 78% of whites'. Human capital factors (educational attainment and occupational experience) explained 31% and 3% of the racial and gender gaps, respectively. Job gender composition explained 56% of the gender gap; job…

Analyzes data since 1960 from the Public Use Microdata Samples of the decennial censuses and a pooled extract from the Current Population Surveys. Found widening race and ethnic difference in employment over time and unequal employment returns to education among women of color, particularly Puerto Ricans. Socioeconomic structural changes and…