The 2005 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded 60 years after the first atomic bombs fell on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing more than 200,000 people; the peace prize raises the hopes of those working to rejuvenate global efforts to prevent the spread and development of nuclear arms. This article profiles the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and its director general, Mohamed ElBaradei, winners of the 2005 Nobel Peace Prize. IAEA's efforts on making it a goal that nuclear energy is not misused for military purposes and ElBaradei's efforts for standing out as unafraid advocate of new measures to strengthen the nuclear non-proliferation regime have made them both winners of the 2005 Nobel Peace Prize. (Contains 9 notes.)