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Puig-Mayenco, Eloi; Marsden, Heather – Second Language Research, 2018
This study explores the source of transfer in third language (L3) English by two distinct groups of Catalan-Spanish bilinguals, simultaneous bilinguals and late bilinguals. Our study addresses two research questions: (1) Does transfer come from the first language (L1), the second language (L2), or both? and (2) Does age of acquisition of the L2…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Native Language, Multilingualism
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Nelson, Robert, Jr. – Second Language Research, 2011
Talamas et al. (1999), Ferre et al. (2006) and Sunderman and Kroll (2006) exposed participants to first-language/second-language (L1/L2) pairs of words and asked them to decide whether the second word was the correct translation of the first. In the critical condition, the L2 word was either the translation of the L1 word ("man" [right arrow]…
Descriptors: Translation, Second Language Learning, Adult Learning, Adult Students