Attempts to understand Vygotsky's perspective in relation to Marxist epistemology and critically examines the sociocultural interpretation of Vygotsky. Shows that the relativism of the sociocultural school not only takes Vygotsky's zone of proximal development out of its social and historical context, but downplays the zone of proximal development…

Examines some key characteristics of science under the headings of elimination of the personal, demarcation from ethics, and denial of reflexivity. Relates these characteristics to an instrumental criterion of knowing which is pervasive in science. Suggests that there are severe limits to the introduction of a more personal, interpretative, and…

Illustrates how modeling and other non-deductive forms of reasoning as employed by a highly creative mathematician can be productive as important conceptual innovations and, by the same token, can serve as effective tools for stimulating conceptual development in the process of learning mathematics. Characterizes Klein's model-based practice and…

One influential view of constructivism in science and mathematics educational research and practice is that of Ernst von Glasersfeld. It is a peculiarly subjectivist form of constructivism that should not be attractive to educators concerned with objectivity. Presents an example of a social constructivist alternative from pragmatic philosopher…

Examines a practical application of ecofeminism for classroom educators. Provides a basic understanding of ecofeminist theory as it applies to science education and examples from classroom practice. Contains 33 references. (DDR)

Examines the influence of phenomenalism from a realist perspective and its offshoot, operationalism, on concept formation in biology. Compares the basic tenants of phenomenalism with those of realism. Contains 69 references. (DDR)

Presents a critical review of research on student conceptions of the Earth and its place in the universe with regard to epistemological, historical, and cognitive aspects. The Copernican model drives the research questioning about the position of the Earth in the universe with little correlation of the model with the empirical level of…

Suggests that modern science adopts materialist strategies toward relationships between empirical data and theory because of an elective affinity between such strategies and a certain outlook on the control of nature. Claims that, when the roles of social values and cognitive values are kept distinct, sound theory acceptance can still be…

Criticizes Hugh Lacey's use of the term "materialist" when describing materialist strategies used during structuralist explanation in scientific practice. Examines the grounds for supposing an affinity between these strategies and the growing subordination of human values to the attractions of technological transformations of nature.…

Suggests that Hugh Lacey's example of a clear-cut distinction between material and social constraints or possibilities in the Green Revolution is misleading. Proposes a material analysis of the control situation placed within the material framework of the social structure within which the control system is employed. (Author/WRM)

Lends further depth to arguments put forth by Hugh Lacey. Addresses the allegation made by the indigenous science movement that violence is evident in the control of nature because science is inherently violent--a charge which, if not refuted, undermines the claim that science is neutral. Considers the shortcomings of a school science curriculum…

Responds to criticisms of the previous article, "Scientific Understanding and the Control of Nature." Clarifies themes in the first article and reaffirms the significance of distinguishing between cognitive and social values to gain a better grasp of scientific understanding. (Author/WRM)

Discusses recent science studies that focus on experimentation and the implications of these studies for the philosophy of science. Argues that the results of scientific experiments are practical productions that embody practical solutions to some of the key problems that have worried science philosophers. (Author/WRM)

Through a physical, historical, and epistemological analysis, it is shown how much is wrong with the idea that relates impetus theory to a "non-grown-up" physical and epistemological conception. The possible relevance of impetus theory for science education is strongly pointed out. (Author/PR)

Examines the doctrine of "constructivism" as presented by Ernst von Glasersfeld. Part 1 attempts to elicit a clearer statement of the concepts, positions and arguments for constructivism. Part 2 discusses the problem of intersubjectivity in constructivism. Part 3 ventures an explanation of at least some on the weaknesses in the doctrine.…