Discusses economic factors as the essential causes of world environment deterioration. Presents case for critical and prompt action in prevention of natural resource exhaustion and pollution, particularly by means of replacement level, population control, and consequent economic organization. (JM)

Reviews India's previous stand regarding family planning which favored the notion that economic development would provide the incentive for fertility control. Recent recommendations, however, include raising minimum marriage age for girls and increasing incentives for acceptance of sterilization. (CS)