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Kodama, Fumio – Science, 1986
Describes an approach for measuring industrial technological diversification behavior. Identifies sectoral patterns of Japanese industry as related to diversification behaviors. Delineates the mechanisms and effectiveness of Japanese corporate and government policies relevant to diversification. (ML)
Descriptors: Administration, Business, Foreign Countries, Industrialization

Dibner, M. D. – Science, 1986
Describes programs used by European countries and companies for advancing the commercialization of biotechnology. Compares European strategies and efforts in biotechnology with those undertaken in the United States. Includes listings of the European countries and the areas of biotechnology research. (ML)
Descriptors: Business, Cooperative Programs, Foreign Countries, Government Role

Minabe, Shigeo – Science, 1986
Analyzes and compares Japanese and American industrial policy and labor practices. Proposes that certain aspects of the Japanese system be adapted by American businesses for purpose of increasing international competitiveness. Proposes specific actions and plans for both the Japanese and American systems. (ML)
Descriptors: Business, Competition, Developed Nations, Foreign Countries