Recommends a comprehensive and developmentally based school counseling program to assist middle school students in developing their educational, social, career, and personal strengths. Describes a sequential, flexible, competency-based, inclusive, integrated and proactive counseling program. Structural components addressed and detailed include…

Describes the importance of teacher and advisor guidance programs at the middle level by describing the advantages and disadvantages of both the small group advisory approach and the extended-time advisory approach. Argues that the best approach would be a variety of advisory techniques used by a competent and committed staff. (SD)

Describes the adoption of advisory time at the middle level as an opportunity to implement effective communication activities in place of cognitive activities and the structured curriculum. Argues that students learn important listening, communication, and respecting skills when proper tools are introduced and utilized, and when the program has…

Describes changes in children, schooling, and behavior that have occurred during the 20th century. Argues for the construction of a comprehensive advisory program at the middle level, connected to the central mission of the school to achieve the outcomes of high achievement, good citizenship, strong self-concepts based on attainment, and…