Presents school counselors with an overview of ego psychology theory that can be used in working with adolescents. Ego psychology can account for the intensity of peer relationships, ambivalence with parents, rejection of authority, and seeking out of charismatic leaders. (JAC)

Suggests invitational education provides both a theory and a system for school counselors seeking to integrate counseling techniques, roles, and functions. Presents an overview of the invitational model and practical applications for counselors. (RC)

Focuses on relationship between self-esteem and classroom motivation. Reviews cognitive theories of motivation and suggests interventions that school counselors can use to promote both motivation and self-esteem. Considers the role of the school counselor in implementing interventions at both the classroom and individual levels. (NB)

Argues that the use of systems counseling in the public school offers advantages for the school counselor. Explores the theoretical framework of systems counseling, such as family dynamics and homeostasis. Provides a case study as seen through a systems perspective to illustrate a systems approach. Gives implications for counselors. (RJM)

Discusses the ethical issues school counselors face when deciding whether to engage in multicultural counseling without having had multicultural training. Illustrates how theories that seem to be free of bias may be based on cultural assumptions, provides a historical overview of multicultural counseling, and addresses divergent expert opinions in…

Defines attachment theory's two important concepts: internal working model and the secure base. Pertinent research is discussed. Role of school counselors is described from an attachment theory perspective. Presents suggestions for changes in school counseling practices that are compatible with attachment theory. (FC)

Describes Family Problem Solving and Communication Skills Model of focused family counseling for school counselors using group counseling with family-school problems. The method focuses first on stopping the disruption and learning appropriate behavior, and second on improving communications, relationships, and moral development among family…

Offers an alternative approach to school behavior problems by focusing on "exceptions," specific circumstances in which the stated problem occurs less frequently. Presents the "5-E Method" of utilizing exceptions through a case study. Although not a panacea, this positive method may prove useful to counselors. (RJM)

Describes the use of a structural family therapy model as a basis for a school consultation program. Suggests school consultants use an understanding of family systems theory as it relates to classroom "families." Proposes this approach allows flexibility in dealing with student discipline and guidance. (JAC)

Proposes seven Adlerian axioms of behavior for the cross-cultural pluralistic counselor working with minority families. Defines cross-cultural family counseling and urges counselors to understand minority cultures and the acculturation process. Discusses counseling techniques. (JAC)