Reports that the "Wyoming Standards of Excellence for Reading," drafted by the Wyoming State Reading Advisory Council, appear to be reliable and internally consistent guidelines, valid with respect to current Wyoming practices. Includes the standards. (GT)

Presents an overview of the language basis of reading and reading disabilities. Describes the Simple View of Reading, a model of reading that comprises two primary components, word recognition and language comprehension. Reviews research showing that language problems underlie most difficulties children have learning to read. Discusses the…

Examines the effect of strategic reading instruction in conditions not previously studied: two third-grade classrooms of Navajo learners. Notes that one class received instruction designed to foster the use of reading strategies and the second class did not. Suggests that strategy instruction positively affected the behavior of the students in the…

Describes a study of book preferences among 190 first graders. Indicates that Hispanic and non-Hispanic students were more alike than different in their preferences. Concludes that an overwhelming majority selected informational, rather than narrative books. Notes that this finding counters notions that young readers prefer stories and desire…

Examines the influence of an innovative reading and writing curriculum on the expository writing and content learning of middle grade students. Presents three studies that triangulate evidence indicating it is possible to teach students knowledge of expository prose structure and strategies for reading and writing that can be applied in situations…

Argues that reading instruction should be understood as an integrated instructional program simultaneously juxtaposing learning styles, modality dependencies, and visual literacies. Argues, too, that teaching the "basics" of reading includes mastery of the fundamentals, involvement leading to verbal interaction, critical reading, and synthesis…

Argues that reading educators need to objectively appraise the whole-language instructional philosophy in relation to what is known about reading methodology. Discusses the whole-language philosophy, its history, the "whole sentence method," and whole-language weaknesses. Advocates developing a "balanced reading program," which would emphasize…

Reviews research from 1981 to 1992 on oral reading instruction. Concludes that oral reading instruction is a legitimate part of a developmental reading program. Suggests that oral reading can offer benefits of increased fluency, comprehension, and vocabulary if instruction is purposeful, based on making meaning out of print, and engages all…

Provides an annotated bibliography of seven recent reports and conference papers concerned with the role of literature-based learning and instruction in reading and writing. (MG)

Provides examples of indirect instruction of vocabulary and discusses five guidelines for direct instruction. (MG)

Investigates the internalization process of reading among 32 first graders. Finds that more of the experimental group students (who were allowed to "mumble read" during instructional and silent reading time) were reading silently as well as having higher reading placements than the control group (whose vocalizations were suppressed). (RS)

Discusses separating good readers from poor readers. Defines strategies for accomplishing academic tasks. Finds that poor readers lack appropriate strategies to correct their comprehension problems. Reports results of interviews with 60 fifth-grade expert readers. Concludes that through direct, systematic teaching and guided practice of reading…

Examines the nature of listening assessment and recent developments of appropriate tests. Shows listenability to be a function of orality in language and offers a summary of discourse characteristics for selecting materials appropriate to listening instruction. (FL)

Reviews training experiments where the strategies trained had a significant effect on poor readers' comprehension of text. Describes the training procedures that enhanced poor readers' comprehension of text and offers instructional implications for each. (FL)

Reviews four uses for norm-referenced tests of reading comprehension. Concludes that three of the uses are actually misuses and that the only appropriate use is for predicting future student performance. (FL)