The results of a survey of seventy-six academic library members of the Association of Research Libraries revealed that the reference departments in many academic libraries are operating without a formal policy statement. A draft outline of a reference service policy manual produced at the University of Massachusetts library is included. (NH)

Describes a survey of public librarians that examined their understanding and use of bibliographic instruction and their beliefs about the role of instruction in reference services. No consensus was found, but respondents' views seemed to be mediated by training in bibliographic instruction, library size, and the library's policy on user…

The University of Washington (Seattle) developed an administrative process that integrates user needs assessment. The user-centered library is defined and assessment initiatives including policies, surveys, analysis of resource allocation, and professional development are discussed. (AEF)