There is considerable controversy as to why middle-class youngsters outperform lower-class youngsters on most measures of academic ability. This article examines the differences between two prominent views as to why this disparity exists. (Author/HMV)

Indices of item difficulty and item discrimination were analyzed for the items comprising the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised as obtained from a group of 142 subjects with Full Scale IQs below 96. Evidence indicates increase in the number of items on the WISC-R helped increase its internal validity. (Author)

The relation of imaginative play to psycholinguistic development was investigated in a sample of disadvantaged preschool children. The children were assigned to high and low play groups based on their level of play organization. The high play group engaged in more task-relevant speech during play than did the low play group. (Author)

A modification of the Boehm Test of Basic Concepts for use with pre-kindergarten children is presented. Guidelines for administration, age norms and information on reliability and validity are provided. (Author)

The purpose of the study was to establish developmental norms for maternal-rated problem behaviors within a disadvantaged group of preschool children. The data are discussed in terms of their utility in assisting the school psychologist to select appropriate intervention strategies for the preschool child. (Author)

This research generated norms on the Peterson-Quay Behavior Problem Checklist for an inner city population (N=101), as well as providing test-retest reliability coefficients between two applications of the checklist. Data is provided on the conduct, personality, inadequacy-immaturity and socialized delinquency dimensions of the checklist and for…

Subjects were 345 first-, second-, and third-grade children of low SES attending inner city schools in a large metropolitan area. The Purdue Self Concept Scale was the measure of self-concept. Analysis of black second-grade children's scores indicated race difference was due to high scores of those with welfare status. (Author)

Disadvantaged, Upward Bound students (n=94) were administered a test battery of the Otis Quick-Scoring Mental Ability Test, Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test, Guilford's tests of Expressional Fluency, Alternate Uses, and Consequences; and the Figural Form of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Results are discussed in relation to previous…

The visual-motor integration of preschool children who varied in terms of race, sex, and socioeconomic status was assessed using the Beery Buktenica Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI). An analysis of covariance revealed that there were significant main effects for race, sex, and socioeconomic status. (Author)

The study compared the performance of 35 lower SES black kindergarten children on the WPPSI and the 1972 Norm Edition of the Stanford-Binet. Contrary to the findings of previous investigations before the restandardization of the Binet, the WPPSI was found to yield a significantly higher mean IQ than the Binet. (Author)

A group of perceptual and motor tests were administered to 155 advantaged and disadvantaged student. The results are discussed in terms of differential perceptual-motor and motor growth and need to structure educational experience that will contribute to growth. (Author)

Patterns of occupational choice and correlates of these patterns were investigated for black male inner-city high school juniors and seniors. The pattern of occupational choice of the sample was distinctly different from the middle class, white normative sample of the occupational scale. (Author)

This study assessed effects of response climate by examining effects of an additional testing experience on the conservation of number performance of 4- and 5-year-old lower socioeconomic status children (N=98). Results indicated significantly higher conservation of number performance scores for both males and females. (Author)