Discussed are difficulties in producing middle level technicians in developing nations. The author cites general antipathy to new ideas including technology, opposition to education for economic and religious reasons, dearth of suitable science and technical courses, and ineffective government planning as major problems. (Author/DB)

This article describes the training programs, financial status, evaluation procedures, and innovative educational aspects of the Turin International Centre for Advanced Technical and Vocational Training. (Author/DB)

A study of educational disparities investigates school enrollment ratios of French-speaking African nations. Discussion covers the range of disparities, persistence of educational inequalities, mechanisms of reproduction and transfer of inequality, increased school enrollments, educational adaptation, and reversal of tendencies. (ND)

Suggests that the most acute problem in educational planning is the confusion about the nature, purpose, and relevance of education. Argues that education should be viewed as a field of hypothesis about the future. Includes the importance of knowledge and know-how, education versus educational systems, and social versus educational planning. (DK)

Suggests nonformal education can be defined only with respect to its function in a specific context, its objectives established on an individual basis. Argues that it cannot be centralized or institutionalized. Includes nonformal education as a method of broadening access to education, providing second chance programs, and serving a Gandhian…

Recognizing that teaching materials assume a central role in distance education programs, the author assesses the quality and relevance of available resources in developing nations. Discusses the possibilities for international collaboration in the production and dissemination of high-quality and relevant materials for the world's developing…

Describes the United Nations University as a community of research scholars engaged in postgraduate training, and an international network of interdisciplinary research on global issues. Provides a synopsis of the work of various centers that have concentrated on the issues of hunger, natural resources, and human/social resource development. (NL)

Examines literacy campaigns from a literacy educator's viewpoint. Stresses that misassumptions, inaccurate definitions, misused statistics, unrealistic goals, and the failure to listen to literacy students themselves have resulted in frustrated policies. Suggests 10 theses for improving literacy policy in both developed and developing nations.…

Argues that while education in the formal setting has little power to criticize or modify development strategy, it provides a forum for the dissemination of alternative ideas and the presentation of more adequate information. Stresses that old dogma must be superseded by information which will sensitize students to new social attitudes. (KO)

Discusses population education efforts to help people understand the nature, causes, and implications of population processes. Includes current regional emphases, formal programs, management and administration, and future issues. Emphasizes basic concepts such as respect for others, especially for females, self-respect and self esteem, the…

Discusses problems in meeting the goal of education for all in developing countries. Includes lack of teachers and instructional material. Describes financial requirements, trends in resource allocation, and external aid for primary education. Suggests external donors concentrate on support for building national capacity, weighting funding for…

Discusses the history of educational planning and administration in Latin America. Describes a period of educational expansion and diversification after World War II and one of disillusionment during the economic crisis of the 1980s. Urges an thorough review of the traditional approaches of educational planning in Latin America and a search for…

Describes efforts to improve educational access and quality in the seven small nations that comprise the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States. Asserts that curriculum reform and textbook development are hindered by intellectual and financial dependence on larger nations. Concludes that cooperation among the nations is one way to help solve…

Discusses policies concerning adult education which have been designed and carried out in Latin America. Contends that the adult basic education policy does not provide the clientele with better tools to face the challenges of society. Calls for an understanding of the inner rationality of adult education programs. (KO)

Reviews curriculum development policies and strategies in nations with small populations and limited land area. Asserts that curriculum development in such nations is paradoxical; it is highly centralized and yet can utilize classroom teachers in the process. Recommends that small nations form partnerships to share curriculum development…