Mentoring programs are not uncommon. In fact, they are more common than we think. Most mentoring programs and/or mentorship opportunities are informal and happen daily. While mentorship programs are common, some programs, specifically Pre-Pharmacy related, are overlooked. The lack of formalized opportunities impacts prospective students'…

The leadership styles and behaviors of supervisors preferred by pharmaceutical sales professionals during periods of varied sales performance were explored in this qualitative study. A phenomenological approach was used to address the gap in research on how the leadership styles of the supervisors of pharmaceutical salespeople affect the…

The COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented global crisis, had posed unique challenges to the mental health of Generation Z (Gen Z) pharmacy students born between 1997-2012. This dissertation examined the profound impact of the pandemic on the mental health of this specific demographic. It shed light on the multifaceted factors at play due to the…

Nationwide, there has been a decline in the number of applicants to PharmD programs. Additionally, there is a lack of diversity in the healthcare workforce that leads to inequitable healthcare for diverse populations of patients. As a result, various recruitment tactics, including pipeline programs, have been used to develop a larger, more diverse…

This dissertation explored how senior faculty members (tenured associate professors and full professors) who work in Education, Engineering, Architecture & Design, Arts, and Pharmacy academic disciplines at the University of Kansas transitioned from in-person to online when the COVID-19 Pandemic started in March of 2020. This dissertation…

Historically, racially marginalized communities are less likely to access health care, partly due to structural inequities as well as distrust for white providers. This need for increased racial and ethnic representation is specifically an issue in the pharmacist career, as more than 90% of the United States population lives within five miles of a…

Situational judgment tests (SJTs) are used to measure important components of professional competence that cannot be assessed via traditional tests of knowledge and skills. Despite their increasing popularity, there is a significant gap in the validity evidence and research on the response process to support how SJTs measure their intended…

The growing availability of technology-based tools and methods to support learning have challenged traditional norms at institutions of higher education. Colleges and schools of pharmacy in the United States operate under the expectation of delivering degree programs via contemporary and evidenced-based instructional methods. The purpose of this…

Here we demonstrate how more highly interoperable computable knowledge enables systems to generate large quantities of evidence-based advice for health. We first provide a thorough analysis of advice. Then, because advice derives from knowledge, we turn our focus to computable, i.e., machine-interpretable, forms for knowledge. We consider how…

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe select Tennessee pharmacists' experiences, motivation, and preferences in the context of continuing pharmacy education (CPE). The pharmacists' experiences, motivation, and preferences related to CPE were generally defined as participating in CPE programming in a manner that meets the needs…

Over 3.5 million medication errors occur annually and medication errors by pharmacists cause adverse drug reactions and potentially death, particularly in elderly patients. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to explore pharmacists' perceptions of the ease of use and usefulness of using e-learning for continuing education…

Debriefing was added to the design of an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) after second-year pharmacy students performed poorly at considering patient disability in planning for patient care. This mixed-methods study examines secondary data to explore whether and how the addition of a debriefing to an OSCE impacted pharmacy…

Ethics and compliance training of sales managers in the U.S. pharmaceutical industry showed little evidence that eLearning interventions developed to address employees' (a) awareness of unethical sales practices, (b) ability to judge a selling practice as unethical, and (c) intentions to speak up about unethical sales practices have had the…

In the late 1980s, the Eastman Kodak company initiated what would become one of the biggest trends in information technology (IT): outsourcing. IT outsourcing (ITO) allows a company to focus on the services that will differentiate it from its competitors and farm out nondifferentiating services. ITO has grown from the initial landmark effort at…

Hospitals, like all organizations, have both a mission and a finite supply of resources with which to accomplish that mission. Because the inventory of therapeutic drugs is among the more expensive resources needed by a hospital to achieve its mission, a conceptual model of structure plus process equals outcome posits that adequate emphasis should…