Co-teaching is a collaborative effort to support the learning of students identified with disabilities. Co-teaching is designed to provide students with disabilities an opportunity to enhance their academic achievement. Students with disabilities should be educated in the least restrictive environment for an equal and equitable opportunity to…

Absenteeism and an ever-widening achievement gap are issues that plague school systems nationwide. The purpose of this study was to determine if having a looping teacher with the same or similar classmates for a year or more makes a difference in the number of absences that students accumulate. This study examined whether looping could be…

The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a significant difference in test scores on the Grade Five Reading State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness involving male and female students identified as having the characteristics of dyslexia who received early dyslexia intervention and those who received late dyslexia intervention,…

The purpose of this study was to discover the relationship between individual student reading levels to mathematics levels utilizing the State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness, STAAR, scores for third- and fourth-grade students before and after the COVID-19 pandemic school closures. The study had four research questions examining third-…

The purpose of this causal-comparative, ex post facto quantitative study was to determine "What are the differences in third-grade reading at the college and career readiness level in charter schools compared to traditional public schools?" The study took place in North Carolina charter and traditional public schools. The sample…

Professional development (PD) is defined as ongoing learning opportunities available to educators and is known to be one of the most important tools in improving the effectiveness of teachers and teaching practices. Results from state and national reading assessments indicate that reading achievement among grade 4 and grade 8 students has…

Throughout history, Black, non-Hispanic students have performed lower in reading and mathematics than their White, non-Hispanic counterparts. Many researchers have argued that this is a result of systemic racism, lack of cultural awareness, and parent engagement barriers. Parent engagement is a critical component of student achievement. When…

The purpose of this qualitative study is to determine how four rural school districts in East Tennessee worked to implement the third-grade retention law within their understanding and interpretation of the law to the benefit of the students and overall communities they serve. The study used a semi-structured questionnaire format conducted with a…

Research examining reading abilities among Black children diverges significantly from prior literature, which either lacked focus or lacked substantial representation of Black children. Black students, particularly boys, tend to exhibit lower academic achievement compared to their peers. The problem addressed in this study is that Black boys, in…

This research aims to explore the impact of Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI) on the reading achievement of students with special needs, framed within Zhu's Theory of Smart Learning Environments and insights from Snyder et al. (2019) on technology in special needs education. The study addresses whether CAI can significantly enhance reading outcomes…

The purpose of this study was to examine how the implementation of the Wilson's Language Training program, Fundations, influences the reading growth of first-grade graders. Reading proficiency at the school in this study was quite low at six percent. During the intervention, emphasis was placed on phonemic awareness. The Wilson's Fundations…

This sequential mixed-method study aimed to explore elementary reading teachers' perceptions and experiences of vocabulary practice and student self-efficacy to increase reading achievement. The quantitative approach utilized a Likert-type survey design shared with respondents through email to identify teachers' perceptions of vocabulary…

The problem that prompted this qualitative case study was a continuous below proficiency level performance of the kindergarten through second-grade students in a U.S. Southern state in reading, despite response to intervention (RTI) being implemented since 2011. The purpose of the study was to explore K-2 teachers' perceptions regarding the…

The purpose of this quasi-experimental, quantitative study was to determine if there was a difference in student growth, in students in grades seven and eight in reading and math, based on their placement in advanced or general education courses. This study was conducted in a diverse, suburban junior high school which served four different…

Literacy is a critical life skill which impacts individuals and society. Knowledge to practice gaps in the field of education have existed for many years, specifically while teaching all students to become proficient readers. The intention of this qualitative study is to explore teacher understanding and perspectives about early literacy…