This quantitative correlational study investigates caregivers' attitudes toward sexual behavior and sex education for children with Down syndrome, drawing upon the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior. Data was collected from a convenience sample of 112 caregivers. The analysis revealed significant positive associations between caregivers' attitudes toward sexuality and their perspectives on sex education. Binary logistic regression indicated that higher POS scores predict increased likelihood of endorsing sexual behavior and supporting sex education for children with Down syndrome. Notably, demographic factors such as gender, age, and educational level did not significantly influence caregivers' decisions regarding sex education support. The findings advocate for tailored sex education programs to meet the specific needs of this population. Recommendations for future research include enhancing external validity through representative sampling and exploring alternative theoretical frameworks such as values-attitudes-behavior and capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior models. Additionally, phenomenological approaches using face-to-face interviews or focus groups are suggested to deepen understanding of caregivers' lived experiences. The study contributes to positive social change by challenging negative stereotypes and promoting informed sexual health practices for individuals with Down syndrome. It underscores the importance of supportive sex education initiatives that empower caregivers and children alike, aiming to foster a more inclusive and informed society. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]