Formative assessment may assist teachers in identifying gaps in learning for individual students, thereby providing an avenue for teachers to adjust instruction accordingly. The problem addressed in this study is the insufficient achievement in literacy for English language learners. English language learners may have an even greater need for…

As the need for educated workers in the workforce grows at the national and state level, educating low-skilled adults is one way of addressing the skills gap. Adult education programs offer low-skilled adults an opportunity to increase basic academic skills and prepare for college and career. Today, transitioning students from adult education…