In the ever-evolving landscape of China's education system, the gap between the rural and urban was always an important issue, not only the multifaceted interplay of parental involvement, student self-engagement, and academic performance. This study utilized a comprehensive national survey dataset through a thorough understanding of cultural…

Instructional leadership continues to be a focus of research due to its effectiveness in improving schools. The understanding of effective instructional leadership has shifted from being engaged in day-to-day teaching and learning to being capable of organizing and managing teachers for instructional improvement. Most instructional leadership…

Since the early 1990s, privately-run migrant schools have been established to provide affordable education for children of migrant workers who encountered difficulties in receiving compulsory education in urban areas due to China's household registration system. Recent policies promulgated by China's government have gradually eliminated the…