Descriptor
| Educational Change | 2 |
| Elementary Education | 2 |
| Phonics | 2 |
| Learning Processes | 1 |
| Literacy | 1 |
| Observation | 1 |
| Reading Instruction | 1 |
| Reading Programs | 1 |
| Reading Research | 1 |
| Teacher Effectiveness | 1 |
| Teacher Student Relationship | 1 |
| More ▼ | |
Source
| Phi Delta Kappan | 2 |
Author
| Carbo, Marie | 1 |
| Smith, Frank | 1 |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 2 |
| Reports - Evaluative | 1 |
| Reports - Research | 1 |
Education Level
Audience
Location
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Carbo, Marie – Phi Delta Kappan, 1988
Questions the quality and accuracy of the phonics research base. Widely taught and promoted in official publications, the system is being even more heavily promulgated by current educational reformers. Extensive discrepancies between Jeanne Chall's findings and actual data show design flaws in "The Great Debate" that contradict phonics'…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Elementary Education, Literacy, Phonics
Smith, Frank – Phi Delta Kappan, 1992
Methods such as phonics or whole language can never ensure that children learn to read. Children must learn from people--from teachers initiating them into the readers' club and from authors' writings. Children's relationships with teachers, each other, and the learning task itself are supremely important. Observation, not testing, gauges student…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Elementary Education, Learning Processes, Observation
