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| Pipho, Chris | 3 |
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Pipho, Chris – Phi Delta Kappan, 1981
Describes statutory limitations on taxation or spending adopted in eight states and the effects on educational programs. (WD)
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, School District Spending, State Legislation
Pipho, Chris – Phi Delta Kappan, 1978
Discusses and presents a summary outline of state activity in minimum competency testing as of March 15, 1978. (IRT)
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Competency Based Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Minimum Competency Testing
Pipho, Chris – Phi Delta Kappan, 1986
Reviews precedents, at the state level, to the movement for education reform. Reports, by year and state, on first reactions to reform. Outlines topics touched by state reform efforts, summarizes unifying themes, and predicts the future of reform. Includes a table of states requiring testing for initial certification of teachers. (IW)
Descriptors: Centralization, Educational Change, Educational Finance, Elementary Secondary Education
