Presents counseling goals in a developmental continuum similar in concept to Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Discusses ego development goals, socialization goals, developmental goals, self-esteem goals, and self-realization goals and describes characteristics and implications of the continuum. (JAC)

Reviews research on two ways of practicing values clarification and value therapy. Values clarification research is derived from its widespread practice, whereas value therapy is derived from experimental research. A need to consider how these approaches work with different age groups is indicated. (Author)

With Maslow's hierarchy as a basis, the model provides structure for setting goals in counseling cases and overall programs. Different kinds of client concerns are identified, and suggestions are made for using these 14 categories. The article includes specific suggestions for using the model in diagnosis, evaluation, counselor education, and…

There is no provision in career education for formally fostering such general attitudes as a sense of agency and a feeling of self-esteem or such basic skills as time management and interpersonal cooperation. This article discusses the need for providing basic attitude and skill training. (Author)