Suggests that counselors abandon the use of negative interventions and adopt positive attitudes in helping people with their problems. Affirming techniques such as reframing and flowing with a client's energy help counselors use their creative energy in an effective, positive manner. (JAC)

Summarizes research on competition as a part of normal development that is disproportionately reinforced within American culture. Concludes that the negative effects of competition are widespread and damaging and that the members of the helping professions have a responsibility to create and protect cooperative environments. (LLL)

Suggests that Employee Assistance Programs (EAPS) offer new and expanded work opportunities for counselors. Reviews the history of EAPS, current philosophy and program components, and implications for counselors as EAPs move from crisis intervention toward prevention. (JAC)

Presents a graphic matrix, the Three Dimensional Intervention Model, to serve as a framework to help counselors visualize the mutual relationships of counseling, consultation, and supervision. An integrated perspective is needed for the enhancement of professionalism and the increase of the overall effectiveness of counseling practitioners. (JAC)

Presents a conceptual model of and strategies for counseling on issues of personal loss. Problems appear when grieving is not allowed to proceed naturally. Counseling should aim to identify the need for and facilitate the process of grieving so clients are not overwhelmed. (Author)

Contends that experience with a frail or dying client is a learning opportunity for the counselor. Presents several examples illustrating the reactions of the elderly to approaching death and suggests that successful counselors accept their own mortality and acknowledge the decision of the failing elderly that death is near. (JAC)

Presents issues surrounding the definition, identification, and handling of emotional problems in the work environment. Reviews the history and current scope of employee counseling and the role of the practitioner in industry and provides some strategies for counselors to clarify the roles of all participants. (JAC)

Deals with the relationship between philosophy and counseling theory as outlined in a metatheoretical model. The model's implications for comparing theories and value orientations are also reviewed. This dialog serves an educational purpose and ensures an arena where counselors continually evaluate the status quo in a cultural context. (JAC)

Presents a format for designing and running workshops to train personnel employed in positions of high customer contact, focusing on the practice of patron contact skills, i.e., communication with problem patrons. Describes opening exercises, attitude exploration, integration skills and attitudes, stress management, and evaluation. (WAS)

Sees four implications for counseling as a result of the additions to research and theory building of social, developmental, and general psychology. From social influence theory and from cognitive, behavioral, humanistic, and developmental research, a prototype "systematic eclectic" task-model directed toward implications is offered. (Author)

Complexities of a client's existing environment make its analysis an awesome task. One effective way to assist clients is through the Systems Analysis and Organizational Change model. Describes the principal environmental factors to be considered and alternative actions that might be taken. (Author)

Describes a model process of assessment and integration that allows community agencies and professional counselors to engage in more effective volunteer activity. Outlines agency development by stages, using the experiences of agencies providing domestic violence services. (JAC)

Analyzes unique problems that constrain counselors as they respond to political and economic pressures surrounding declining resources. Identifies survival strategies to help preserve the viability of counseling services in an era of cutback management. (Author/JAC)

Discusses philosophical, economical, and psychological issues related to midlife, focusing on the ontological and economic aspects of life that seem to be particular challenges to those at the midpoint of their lives. Addresses the role of counselors and psychologists in facilitating the individual's awareness and choice in midlife. (LLL)

Describes the benefits of group counseling for abusing parents. Suggests that groups structured to maximize peer support and reduce social isolation provide a context in which parents can make changes in cognition and behavior. (Author/JAC)