The article is focused on development of history of education as a study subject and an academic discipline in Slovakia (from 1918 to 1992, Slovakia was part of Czechoslovakia with an interruption between 1939 and 1945). Until the establishment of Czechoslovakia, the study subject history of education was part of the curriculum of teacher training schools which were established by the school act of 1868. However, it consisted only of an overview of pedagogical past and the knowledge had an informative character. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia (1918), history of education developed in two directions: firstly, at teacher training schools (orig. ucitelské ústavy), where together with theory of education (orig. pedagogika) and didactics (orig. didaktika) it formed basic educational disciplines and secondly, as an academic discipline at the Faculty of Arts of Comenius University in Bratislava. The incorporation of history of education into academic education, either at the Faculty of Arts (since 1922/23) or later at faculties of education (from 1946) stimulated development of this academic discipline and historical-educational research as well. The aim of the paper is to reconstruct individual phases and turning points in the development of history of education in Slovakia, accentuating the period from the establishment of Czechoslovakia to the fall of socialism (1918-1989).