The present study was conducted to explore the differential levels of scientific aptitude among the economically disadvantaged students of Jammu and Kashmir. The objectives of the study were to find out of the achievement in the subject science of economically disadvantaged secondary school students and the levels of scientific aptitude of economically disadvantaged secondary school students. The study also aims to compare the achievement in science of economically disadvantaged secondary school students having differential levels of scientific aptitude and the achievement in science of economically disadvantaged secondary school boys and girls having differential levels of scientific aptitude. As such, the study involved purposive sampling and 200 10th standard students of Anantnag district of Jammu & Kashmir. The data were collected with the help of a standardized tool prepared by Dr. Nagappa P. Shahapur and Dr. C. R. Rao in 1971. The study revealed that academic achievement of secondary school students, the boys and that of girls of Anantnag district of Jammu and Kashmir belonging to differential levels of scientific aptitude differ significantly.