Purpose: To assess the feasibility and reliability of screening semi-urban preschool children with Denver II, developmental and neurological status was examined in relation with one-year outcome. Methodology: Denver II developmental screening test was applied to 583 children who visited family physicians or other health centers in a province of Turkey. Children with abnormal and suspect results were evaluated by neurological examination, Development Profile-3 (DP-3), repeat Denver II or Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children-Revised (WISC-R) depending on the age of the child, and teacher's perception of school performance and behavior within one year of the first screening. Relationships were investigated between the initial Denver II screening test results and neurological examination findings, neurological risk factors, DP-3, repeat Denver II test results for children < 6 years old, WISC-R results for children > 6 years old; domains of failure in the first and second Denver II tests; and data obtained from families and teachers regarding school performance, behavior and attention. No intervention but routine schooling was given. Results: DP-3 results were average or above (4/6) or low average (2/6) in the abnormal Denver II group and average (9/12) or below average (3/12) in the suspect Denver II group (p: n.s.), both different from the "normal Denver II" sample who rated average or above. Children with abnormal and suspect Denver II results had similar rates of abnormality or neurological risk factor in their histories. They were more likely to score "under average classroom level" compared to a children attending the same schools who had normal initial Denver II. WISC-R results were average or below average in children with abnormal initial screening with Denver II, and average or above in those with suspect Denver II. Conclusions: In this population with high mobility, more than half (56%) of the target population could be reached for follow-up. Suspect or abnormal initial screening results persisted after 1 year but a small group (2/12 and 2/6 respectively) improved to normal, possibly due to "catching-up", adverse factors being corrected in the interim period, or just a false-positive initial result. Recommendations: Early screening followed by further evaluation within one year is feasible even in a region with high population mobility. Preschool screening with Denver II and re-evaluation of children with abnormal and suspect test results for global development and school performance appears useful. The administration of the test is practical for workers in health care and education, and various degrees of school problems can be detected early.