One-third of all teenagers were employed during 1997 98. Adolescents were more likely to be employed if one or both parents worked. The average family income of employed teens was greater than that of unemployed teens. Most working adolescents' earnings do not go toward family necessities. (Contains 24 notes and references.) (SK)

Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 show substantial work activity among 14- and 15-year-olds. From age 14 to 15, youths appear to shift more toward working in employee jobs and less in freelance jobs such as babysitting or yard work. Girls were more likely than boys to be working in freelance jobs, and whites were more likely…

Work experience at an early age has a positive impact on labor force attachment of different racial groups. However, racial gaps in employment that are present in the early teen years seem to continue into adulthood. (Author/SK)

About half of 12- and 13-year-olds surveyed engage in some sort of work. Such work is more likely among youths from higher socioeconomic backgrounds and better school performance or among those who have engaged in risky behaviors or have been suspended from school. (SK)

Comparison of National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data from 1979 and 1997 found that both groups had similar rates of employment as adolescents. Students who worked 20 or fewer hours per week during school were more likely to attend college; youths who worked a greater percentage of weeks during the school year worked more consistently as…

Data comparing employment patterns among high-school-age youth show that student employment is highly seasonal and concentrated in just a few industries and occupations, whereas dropouts tend to work year round and in a more diverse set of jobs. (Author)

Special Labor Force Report on the employment of school age youth in October 1972 shows little change in the number of students holding jobs, but a large increase among young people out of school. (Editor)

More young people were remaining in high school and college and more of the students were in the work force, mostly in part-time jobs, as of October 1971. (MF)

In October 1968, one of every five workers in the United States was 16 to 24 years old. There were about 10.6 million nonstudents and 5 million students under 25 years old in the labor force. The average earnings of all students from 16 to 24 was $600. Most teenage students worked at part-time jobs; 80 percent worked less than 35 hours a week, and…

Charts the labor force participation rates of students; out-of-school youth; White, Black, and Hispanic youth; recent high school graduates; and dropouts. (SK)

The article reviews recent research examining the impact of minimum wage requirements on the size and distribution of teenage employment and earnings. The studies measure income distribution, employment levels and effect on unemployment. (MW)

This report by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Statistics covers youth employment and education, and their interwoven causes and results. Numerous statistical charts and explanatory notes are included. Factors, such as age, race, sex and status, are analyzed. (MML)

Although the incidence of contingent work--jobs that are structured to be short term or temporary--declined between 1995 and 1997, it continues to be more common among women, youth, students, part-time workers, and in the construction and services industries. Contingent workers are also found in both high- and low-skilled occupations. (Author/JOW)

Jobless rates among Black youths have remained far above prerecession levels. Analysis shows military reductions, population trends, and the minimum wage have contributed to Black youths' problems. Job programs have helped, as could new efforts to integrate school and work in low-income areas. (Author/SK)