Examines the effects of the child's age and the circumstances surrounding the child's aggression, as well as the sex of parent and child, in determining parents' judgments of children's aggressive behavior. Subjects were 160 upper-middle-class parents (80 pairs of mothers and fathers). (MP)

Examined the role of emotion in 108 elementary school students' selection of strategies for coping with daily stresses. Found that children exhibited a greater tendency to report inhibiting their actions in response to fear-arousing situations than in situations involving anger or sadness. Older children tended to report more intra-psychic…

Assessed preschoolers' strategic knowledge concerning the relative effectiveness of increasing memory performance by marking, touching, looking, and ignoring. Ignoring was judged the least effective behavior by children of three-five years. A preference for looking, touching, and marking was found for five-year-olds in both experiments and for…

Three studies investigated the understanding of maternal anger of 406 children aged 4 to 14 years. Children identified and explained the source of a story mother's anger. Age differences were found when stories involved more than one dimension or required displacement. (SKC)

Temperament was measured at ages four and eight months on a sample of infants representing the five Holingshead social classes. A typology very similar to the New York Longitudinal Study's "easy/difficult" axis was found in both age groups. No influences of social class and gender differences on temperament were found. (CI)

Compares infants' performance based on chronological age as opposed to conceptual age. The Bayley Mental Scales were used to test 20 premature experimental infants and 20 full-term control infants. Results demonstrated that an infant's performance must be judged on the basis of conceptual rather than chronological age. (MS)

Reports a cross-sectional study examining intensity of stimulation and verbal stimulation in home circumstances as these factors relate to psychological development across several age groups (7th, 11th, 15th, or 22nd month of life). (WY)

Explored understanding opposing views and realistic compromise for 12 political and legal situations in 72 adolescents, ages 14 to 19. Demonstrated progression in understanding of the issues. Generally, more significant changes occurred at ages 18 to 19, while responses of middle group (16 to 17) were closer to those of youngest age group (14 to…

Tested E. E. Sweetser's (1987) model of lying, which emphasizes critical contribution of social factors to definitions of lie. Presented vignettes to 12-, 16-, and 19-year olds--half with prototypic lie-telling, half with truth-telling--and asked them to indicate degree of agreement that statement was a lie. Found that effects of age, help-harm…

Examined interactional and attentional relationships in 65 mother-infant dyads (infants at ages 6 and 8 months), focusing on attention following (AF), attention switching (AS), and joint attention. Found that AF and AS were unrelated at 6 months but inversely related at 8 months. AF and AS were unrelated to joint attention. (MDM)

Studies the earliest childhood memories of 82 deaf and hearing college students. Results indicate no significant difference in the age of the earliest recollections among the students. The average age of the first memory was between 3 and 4 years. (RJC)

Argues that any comprehensive theory of peer socialization requires attention to these five constraints: (1) characteristics of the influence source; (2) characteristics of the children being socialized; (3) age constraints on peer influences; (4) paradigm considerations; and (5) domain relevance. (SD)

A study which required children (ages 7-19) to make and justify decisions about which literary fragments belonged to the same work. Responses provided information about relative appeal of style and subject matter; kinds of stimuli and alternatives most likely to elicit literary style sensitivity; and strategies and rationales employed by subjects.…

Reports on an initial inquiry into children's compliant response inhibition, their tendencies to accomplish and maintain the inhibition of an attractive activity upon the request of an adult socialization agent. (Author/MP)

Replies to argument presenting evidence against a model of habituation during early infancy which was based on the selective adaptation of feature detectors. (Author/BB)