Adapted from a paper presented at the Fourth Congress of the International League of Societies for the Mentally Handicapped (Hebrew University, Jerusalem, October 21, 1968). (RJ)

Three groups of eight institutionalized severely and profoundly retarded males (mean ages 9-14 years) were studied to determine the effects of enhancement of the physical and social environment and behavior modification training upon acquisition of self help skills. (Author/CL)

A review of eight research studies on the question of size in relation to quality of resident life in state institutions is presented. Findings of seven of the studies reviewed showed that there is some advantage to the smaller setting. None showed any advantage to larger institutions. (PHR)

Reconciled are the current philosophy of normalization (providing patterns and conditions of everyday life) and the growth of behavior-shaping strategies as the bases of the institutional care and program of the severely mentally handicapped. (KW)