Descriptor
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| Mental Retardation | 40 |
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| Nawas, M. Mike | 2 |
| Anson, John E. | 1 |
| Ausman, James O. | 1 |
| Azrin, Nathan H. | 1 |
| Baker, J. Garry | 1 |
| Barrett, Beartice H. | 1 |
| Bath, Kent E. | 1 |
| Baumeister, Alfred A. | 1 |
| Bourland, Gordon | 1 |
| Braum, Stephen H. | 1 |
| Braun, Stephen H. | 1 |
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| Journal Articles | 6 |
| Reports - Research | 5 |
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| Practitioners | 2 |
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| Ohio | 1 |
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Peer reviewedTennant, Laurence; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1978
The article provides a review of research on the role of punishment in relation to the normalization of retarded persons and points out that, in the natural environment, punishment procedures normally play some part in the determination of social behavior. (IM)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Contingency Management, Mental Retardation, Negative Reinforcement
Peer reviewedBuddenhagen, R. G. – Mental Retardation, 1971
Examined are two alternatives to the use of electric shock to control destructive or repugnant behaviors in severely retarded or schizophrenic children: continued use of noncorporal punishment, and widescale application of appropriately arranged contingencies of positive reinforcement. (KW)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Electrical Stimuli, Emotional Disturbances
Peer reviewedRoos, Philip – Mental Retardation, 1974
Criticisms of behavior modification, which charge that it violates ethical and legal principles, are discussed and reasons are presented to explain behavior modification's susceptibility to attack. (GW)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Ethics, Goal Orientation, Legal Problems
Peer reviewedRepp, Alan C.; Deitz, Diane E. D. – Mental Retardation, 1979
The paper presents guidelines for training staff to implement positive reductive procedures to decrease undesirable behaviors of their retarded students and clients. Considerations relevant to all reductive procedures are briefly discussed in the first portion of the paper, while guidelines indigenous to positive reductive procedures are discussed…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Contingency Management, Guidelines, Mental Retardation
Peer reviewedTymchuk, Alexander J. – Mental Retardation, 1971
Descriptors: Adolescents, Behavior Change, Exceptional Child Research, Mental Retardation
Peer reviewedLockwood, Kirk; Bourland, Gordon – Mental Retardation, 1982
Self-injurious behaviors of two nonambulatory profoundly retarded young adults were monitored. Despite considerable variability within conditions, mere provision of attached toys resulted in decreased biting and face slapping. (Author)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Reinforcement, Self Mutilation, Severe Mental Retardation
Peer reviewedAnd Others; Whitman, Thomas L. – Mental Retardation, 1971
Reinforcement was administered contingent upon appropriate actions in order to reduce hyperactive behavior of a trainable mentally handicapped boy. A followup indicated substantial improvement in behavior. (CD)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Exceptional Child Research, Hyperactivity, Mental Retardation
Peer reviewedBaumeister, Alfred A. – Mental Retardation, 1969
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Exceptional Child Education, Mental Retardation, Operant Conditioning
Peer reviewedNawas, M. Mike; Braum, Stephen H. – Mental Retardation, 1970
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Exceptional Child Education, Mental Retardation, Operant Conditioning
Peer reviewedLevine, Martin N.; Elliott, Charles B. – Mental Retardation, 1970
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Exceptional Child Research, Mental Retardation, Reinforcement
Peer reviewedHyer, Raymond J.; and others – Mental Retardation, 1969
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Exceptional Child Research, Institutionalized Persons, Mental Retardation
Peer reviewedFlavell, Judith E. – Mental Retardation, 1973
Stereotypies (repetitive movements of any part of the body) and toy play by three severely retarded males (from 8 to 14 years of age) were recorded in a setting featuring a wide array of toys. (Author)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Children, Exceptional Child Research, Mental Retardation
Peer reviewedDurana, Ines Lombana; Cuvo, Anthony J. – Mental Retardation, 1980
A differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) procedure employed alone, and then in combination with restitution and positive practice, did not produce clinically significant changes in the rate of disrobing. Subsequently, the use of DRO plus restitution and negative practice reduced frequency of disrobing to either zero or one episode per…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Change, Behavior Modification, Exceptional Child Research
Peer reviewedAzrin, Nathan H.; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1976
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Change, Contingency Management, Reinforcement
Peer reviewedBaker, J. Garry; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1972
Reinforcement with tokens and time-out procedures was used to control the disruptive or negative behavior of nine retarded children in a nursery school setting. (Author)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Discipline Problems, Exceptional Child Research
