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Vibration and Praise as Reinforcers for Mentally Handicapped People.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Johnson, Denise; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1978
Nine mentally handicapped adults were studied in order to assess the differential susceptibility of mentally handicapped individuals to sensory and social reinforcers. (Author/BD)
Descriptors: Adults, Discrimination Learning, Exceptional Child Research, Mental Retardation
The Use of Visual Orientation Feedback to Facilitate Attention and Task Performance.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Jackson, Gary M. – Mental Retardation, 1979
Task specific attending behavior of a mentally retarded adult engaged in a chain-cutting task was substantially increased by using a differential reinforcement procedure with a feedback stimulus for appropriate visual orientation. (Author/DLS)
Descriptors: Adults, Attention, Attention Span, Mental Retardation
The Elimination of Mealtime Food Stealing and Scavenging Behavior in an Institutionalized Severely Mentally Retarded Adult.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Smith, Alfred L., Jr.; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1983
The study examined the efficacy of reinforcement and response cost in the elimination of an institutionalized severely mentally retarded individual's food stealing and scavenging behavior during mealtimes. Through the use of discriminative stimuli and positive reinforcement, food stealing was virtually eliminated. (Author/CL)
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Case Studies, Eating Habits
A Comparison of Procedures for Decreasing Public Disrobing of an Institutionalized Profoundly Mentally Retarded Woman.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Durana, Ines Lombana; Cuvo, Anthony J. – Mental Retardation, 1980
A differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) procedure employed alone, and then in combination with restitution and positive practice, did not produce clinically significant changes in the rate of disrobing. Subsequently, the use of DRO plus restitution and negative practice reduced frequency of disrobing to either zero or one episode per…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Change, Behavior Modification, Exceptional Child Research
A Rapid Method of Teaching Profoundly Retarded Persons to Dress by a Reinforcement--Guidance Method
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Azrin, Nathan H.; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1976
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Change, Contingency Management, Reinforcement
Variables Affecting the Efficacy of a Token Economy
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Westphal, Carl R. – Mental Retardation, 1975
Investigated in a longitudinal study were the variables affecting the efficacy of a token economy used with 16 institutionalized severely and profoundly mentally retarded males (16-24 years old) exhibiting disruptive behaviors. (Author/CL)
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Problems, Exceptional Child Research, Mental Retardation
Social Reinforcement Control of Exhibitionism in a Profoundly Retarded Adult
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Lutzker, John R. – Mental Retardation, 1974
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Change, Case Studies, Exceptional Child Research
Evaluation of a Procedure for Teaching Saw Chain Assembly to a Severely Retarded Woman
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Bellamy, G. Thomas; O'Neill, Candace T. – Mental Retardation, 1978
Teaching procedures involving differential reinforcement, modeling, and physical priming were used to train a severely retarded woman (30-years-old) to assemble a saw chain. (IM)
Descriptors: Adults, Contingency Management, Females, Job Skills
Tangible Reinforcement Plus Social Reinforcement versus Social Reinforcement Alone in Acquisition of Toothbrushing Skills.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Wolber, Greg; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1987
Use of a tangible reinforcer plus social reinforcement was found to be more effective in training a 33-year-old male with profound mental retardation to brush his teeth than social reinforcement alone. Determination of true positive reinforcers and training staff members to carry out such treatment programs are also discussed. (Author/VW)
Descriptors: Adults, Case Studies, Hygiene, Instructional Effectiveness
Counter-Habilitative Contingencies in Institutions for People with Mental Retardation: Ecological and Regulatory Influences.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Meinhold, Patricia M.; Mulick, James A. – Mental Retardation, 1990
This article uses preliminary data from 51 direct-care staff members and approximately 190 residents of a facility for nonambulatory individuals with profound mental retardation, to illustrate the roles of social, ecological, and regulatory contingencies of reinforcement and their potential counterhabilitative effects on residents. Results…
Descriptors: Adults, Contingency Management, Environmental Standards, Facility Guidelines
Training a Work Ethic in Severely Mentally Retarded Workers--Providing a Context for the Maintenance of Skill Performance.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Martin, Andrew S.; Morris, Jerry L. – Mental Retardation, 1980
Visual feedback and ratio scheduling of pay were utilized to train the relationship between work and piece rate for five severely mentally retarded workers. Results show a statistically significant gain in production during training, and a larger gain during the second baseline period when the visual feedback was removed and clients were paid on…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Contingency Management, Motivation Techniques