A discussion of disappearing and no longer used languages in anthropomorphic metaphors "language death" and "language suicide." Three stages in the disappearance of several specific languages are described. Ultimately, the direct cause of "language suicide" is not disappearance of rules but disappearance of speakers;…

Romania is a country with a good number of linguistic minorities. Descriptive linguistic data include the number and kinds of languages spoken in what areas and by how many people and their attitudes toward the languages. Models and typologies of language planning are presented to discern their appropriateness. (SCC)

Examines the principle that the rules of language to be applied in a given situation will depend on the territory or on the linguistic status of the person or persons concerned. The principles are considered in broad contexts, formally and practically, and criteria that may influence the choice of one over another is looked at. (SCC)

Describes a setting in which some people become bilingual and others do not, in which some languages are learned as second languages and others are not, and in which bilingualism is sometimes a creature of formal education and sometimes is not. (Author/HP)