Apprenticeships are a great way to combine learning and earning and meet employers' skills needs. That is why they have a long history dating back several centuries, though today's apprenticeships have a wider focus including on all ages, a range of levels, and existing as well as new employees. Changes in the economy, and the importance of skills to prosperity in Brexit Britain, are likely to increase this importance. For this report the Learning and Work Institute has conducted detailed research into apprenticeship policies and the challenges for quality and access.