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Direct linkNeumann, David L. – Learning and Motivation, 2006
Three experiments examined the effects of physical context changes and multiple extinction contexts on the renewal of conditioned suppression in humans. A conditioned suppression task used an undesirable event as the unconditional stimulus (US). One conditional stimulus (CS+) predicted the occurrence of the US and another (CS-) predicted US…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Stimuli, Conditioning, Ethology
De Houwer, Jan – Learning and Motivation, 2006
Implicit measures such as the Implicit Association Test (OAT) have recently become popular as tools in research on evaluative conditioning. The reason is that these measures are thought to be impervious to changes in valence that are due to conscious propositional knowledge about the relation between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the…
Descriptors: Association Measures, Conditioning, Stimuli, Interrater Reliability
Doe, Nobutaka; Nakajima, Sadahiko; Tamai, Noriko – Learning and Motivation, 2004
In conditioned suppression of water licking behavior by rats, we obtained data indicating general transfer of fear conditioning. A series of experiments resulted in two major findings. First, pairing of a neutral stimulus with a shock in the initial conditioning task facilitated acquisition of subsequent fear conditioning to another neutral…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Animals, Fear, Animal Behavior
Bouton, Mark E.; Woods, Amanda M.; Pineno, Oskar – Learning and Motivation, 2004
Two appetitive conditioning experiments with rats examined reacquisition after conditioned responding was eliminated by either extinction or by a partial reinforcement procedure in which reinforced trials were occasionally presented among many nonreinforced trials. In Experiment 1, reacquisition to a conditional stimulus (CS) that had been…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Learning Processes, Conditioning, Cues
Amundson, J.C.; Wheeler, D.S.; Miller, R.R. – Learning and Motivation, 2005
In two conditioned lick suppression experiments using water-deprived rats, we examined the effects of following Pavlovian conditioned inhibition training (i.e., A-US/AX-NoUS) with pairings of the training excitor (A) and the unconditioned stimulus (US). Experiments 1 and 2 assessed the effects of this posttraining inflation treatment on Pavlovian…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Economic Climate, Inhibition, Classical Conditioning
Thomas, Brian L.; Ayres, John J. B. – Learning and Motivation, 2004
In four experiments using albino rats in an ABA fear renewal paradigm, we studied conditioned fear in the A test context following extinction in Context B. Conditioned suppression of operant responding was the index of fear. In Experiments 1-3, we found that extinguishing a feared cue in compound with a putative conditioned inhibitor of fear led…
Descriptors: Fear, Learning Processes, Animals, Cues
Ward-Robinson, Jasper – Learning and Motivation, 2004
Three mechanisms can explain second-order conditioning: (1) The second-order conditioned stimulus (CS2) could activate a representation of the first-order conditioned stimulus (CS1), thereby provoking the conditioned response (CR); The CS2 could enter into an excitatory association with either (2) the representation governing the CR, or (3) with a…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Stimuli, Reinforcement, Animals
Capaldi, E.J.; Haas, A.; Miller, R.M.; Martins, A. – Learning and Motivation, 2005
In both discrimination learning and partial reinforcement, transitions may occur from nonrewarded to rewarded trials (NR transition). In discrimination learning, NR transitions may occur in two different stimulus alternatives (NR different transitions). In partial reward, NR transitions may occur in a single stimulus alternative (NR same…
Descriptors: Rewards, Cues, Discrimination Learning, Classical Conditioning
Thomas, Brian L.; Longo, Craig L.; Ayres, John J. B. – Learning and Motivation, 2005
In three experiments using the barpress conditioned suppression task with albino rats, we studied the renewal (relapse) of conditioned fear in an ABA fear-renewal paradigm. We found that explicitly unpaired (EU) deliveries of conditioned stimuli (CSs) and unconditioned stimuli (USs) in Context B thwarted fear renewal in Context A. Evidence…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Fear, Science Experiments, Psychological Studies
De la Casa, Luis G.; Diaz, Estrella; Lubow, R.E. – Learning and Motivation, 2005
Latent Inhibition (LI) attenuation when a long delay is introduced between acquisition and test phases has been repeatedly observed using aversive conditioning procedures (e.g., Aguado, Symonds, & Hall, 1994). This effect has been used as evidence to support those theories that consider LI to be the result of a retrieval failure. We designed three…
Descriptors: Intervals, Conditioning, Testing, Inhibition
Capaldi, E. J.; Miller, Ronald Mellado – Learning and Motivation, 2004
Findings obtained by providing rats with a single fixed series of events, A-B-C-..., often are equally compatible with three alternative serial learning interpretations: that the signal for items is (A) their position in the series (position view), (B) the prior item of the series (chaining view), and (C) one, two, or more prior items of the…
Descriptors: Animals, Serial Learning, Hypothesis Testing, Cues
Panlilio, Leigh V.; Weiss, Stanley J. – Learning and Motivation, 2005
In earlier studies with rats, the effectiveness of the auditory element of a tone--light discriminative stimulus was enhanced when the conditioned incentive value of the compound was negative rather than positive. The present experiment systematically replicated these results in pigeons trained to press a treadle in the presence of a tone--light…
Descriptors: Learning Modalities, Stimulus Generalization, Psychological Studies, Animal Behavior
Melchers, Klaus G.; Lachnit, Harold; Shanks, David R. – Learning and Motivation, 2004
In two human skin conductance conditioning experiments we investigated whether processing of stimulus compounds can be influenced by past experience. Participants were either pre-trained with a discrimination problem that could be solved elementally (A+, B-, AB+, C- in Experiment 1 and A+, AB+, C-, CB- in Experiment 2) or one that required a…
Descriptors: Experiential Learning, Stimulation, Classical Conditioning, Learning Processes
