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Testing Second Language Oral Proficiency in Direct and Semidirect Settings: A Social-Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective
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Jeong, Hyeonjeong; Hashizume, Hiroshi; Sugiura, Motoaki; Sassa, Yuko; Yokoyama, Satoru; Shiozaki, Shuken; Kawashima, Ryuta – Language Learning, 2011
This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify differences in the neural processes underlying direct and semidirect interviews. We examined brain activation patterns while 20 native speakers of Japanese participated in direct and semidirect interviews in both Japanese (first language [L1]) and English (second language…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests, Native Speakers
Cantonese Speakers and the Acquisition of French Consonants.
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Cichocki, W.; And Others – Language Learning, 1993
An error analysis based on phonetic transcription of French utterances by native speakers of Cantonese yielded a scale of difficulty for word-initial and word-final consonants. The Markedness Differential Hypothesis explained some errors. Evidence also pointed to interaction of language acquisition with markedness reversals. (35 references) (CNP)
Descriptors: Cantonese, Chinese, Consonants, Error Analysis (Language)
Pragmatic Awareness in ESL and EFL Contexts: Contrast and Development
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Schauer, Gila A. – Language Learning, 2006
The study reported on in this article set out to replicate and extend Bardovi-Harlig and Dornyei's (1998) investigation of pragmatic awareness by addressing two research questions: (a) Do learners in English as a foreign language (EFL) and English as a second language (ESL) contexts display differences in their recognition and rating of pragmatic…
Descriptors: Pragmatics, English (Second Language), Grammar, Error Analysis (Language)