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Unknown Vocabulary Density and Reading Comprehension: Replicating Hu and Nation (2000)
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Kremmel, Benjamin; Indrarathne, Bimali; Kormos, Judit; Suzuki, Shungo – Language Learning, 2023
Hu and Nation's (2000) study, which stipulated that second language (L2) readers need to be familiar with 98% of lexical items for adequate text comprehension, has become highly influential in L2 vocabulary research and pedagogy. However, the 98% critical threshold figure is based on findings from a research project in which a regression analysis…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Adult Students
L2 Learners' Assessments of Accentedness, Fluency, and Comprehensibility of Native and Nonnative German Speech
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O'Brien, Mary Grantham – Language Learning, 2014
In early stages of classroom language learning, many adult second language (L2) learners communicate primarily with one another, yet we know little about which speech stream characteristics learners tune into or the extent to which they understand this lingua franca communication. In the current study, 25 native English speakers learning German as…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, German, English
Schematic Concept Formation: Concurrent Validity for Attained English as a Second Language Reading Comprehension.
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Perkins, Kyle; Angelis, Paul J. – Language Learning, 1985
Describes a study that explored the relationship between performance of a schematic concept formation task (SCF) and reading performance in students of English as a second language. Above average readers had significantly higher SCF ranks than below average readers. Offers suggestions for future research with SCF tasks. (SED)
Descriptors: Adult Students, Cognitive Measurement, Cognitive Processes, English (Second Language)
The Intelligibility of Social Dialects for Working-Class Adult Learners of English.
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Eisenstein, Miriam; Verdi, Gail – Language Learning, 1985
Describes a study of the intelligibility of three dialects--standard English, New Yorkese, and Black English--for working-class adult English learners. Results showed that comprehension was significantly affected by dialect and that learner judgments of the speakers in terms of job status, friendliness, and appearance paralleled the…
Descriptors: Adult Students, Black Dialects, Cloze Procedure, Limited English Speaking
Multiple Constraints on Processing Ambiguous Sentences: Evidence from Adult L2 Learners.
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Ying, H. G. – Language Learning, 1996
Investigates adult second language learners' processing of English syntactically ambiguous sentences in which a prepositional phrase is interpreted as either a noun phrase or verb phrase attachment. Results reveal lexical, syntactic, prosodic, and contextual constraints on processing ambiguous sentences. (87 references) (Author/CK)
Descriptors: Adult Students, Ambiguity, Context Clues, English (Second Language)
Restructuring or Automaticity? Reading in a Second Language.
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McLeod, Beverly; McLaughlin, Barry – Language Learning, 1986
Adult native English speakers (N=20) and foreign students (N=44; most of them Japanese) enrolled in English as a second language (ESL) courses and completed a reading task and a cloze test to determine reading proficiency and prediction ability. While advanced ESL students made fewer total errors than beginning students, error patterns of all ESL…
Descriptors: Adult Students, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Restructuring, English (Second Language)