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Levine, Robert D. – Language, 2010
Collins et al. 2008 offers a principles-and-parameters-based analysis of an AAVE construction first described in Spears 1998, in which nominal phrases such as "John's ass" appear to have exactly the same denotation, and behavior with respect to familiar conditions on anaphora, as the possessor ["John," and similarly for pronominal possessors.…
Descriptors: Language Patterns, Semantics, Phrase Structure, Form Classes (Languages)

Wechsler, Stephen; Zlatic, Larisa – Language, 2000
Four lexical features of a noun are relevant to agreement: semantic conditions on reference; person, number, and gender features of the referential index; concord features; and declension class. These features are correlated by a chain of binary constraints. Patterns of mixed agreement result from individual violations to the constraints. Three…
Descriptors: Linguistic Theory, Nouns, Phrase Structure, Semantics

Barker, Chris – Language, 1998
Offers a detailed analysis of the English suffix "-ee" (employee, refugee, etc.) based on 1,500 naturally occurring tokens of 500 word types. Argues that certain semantic constraints, taken together, amount to a special-purpose thematic role that actively constrains productive use of derivational morphology. (Author/MSE)
Descriptors: English, Language Patterns, Language Research, Linguistic Theory

Cole, Peter – Language, 1974
It is proposed that syntactic processes (rules and constraints) may have a semantic basis. Evidence is presented that the constraint against backward pronominalization with indefinite antecedents derives from the semantic properties of various classes of definite noun phrases. (CK)
Descriptors: Generative Grammar, Grammar, Language Patterns, Linguistic Theory

Downing, Pamela – Language, 1977
A number of experimental tasks were conducted in which subjects were asked to interpret and create novel noun-noun compounds. Results indicate that semantic relationships that hold between members of these compounds cannot be characterized in terms of a finite list of appropriate compounding relationships. (CHK)
Descriptors: Deep Structure, English, Language Research, Language Usage

Comrie, Bernard – Language, 1975
Data from a number of language (Slavic, Romance, Modern Greek) concerning predicate agreement with the polite plural (semantically singular, but plural in surface structure) suggest that more verb-like predicates tend to agree with the surface subject, while more noun-like predicates tend to agree with the underlying subject. (Author/KM)
Descriptors: Adjectives, Deep Structure, Generative Grammar, Greek

Ljung, Magnus – Language, 1974
Descriptors: Adjectives, Case (Grammar), Deep Structure, Linguistic Theory

Carlson, Greg N. – Language, 1977
It is argued here that English contains a distinct class of relative clauses called amount relatives. On the surface, these are much like restrictive relative clauses, but they have a syntax and semantics that align them more with comparatives than with restrictive relatives. (Author/KM)
Descriptors: English, Language Patterns, Linguistic Theory, Nouns