School libraries are vital to any comprehensive approach to literacy instruction. School librarians directly support learners' reading success by enabling both access and motivation to read a range of texts and other informational materials. Moreover, school librarians collaborate with classroom teachers to provide resources and programming that support effective classroom instruction in literacy skills and disciplinary knowledge. This article spotlights information and strategies useful for school librarians navigating the science of reading era. First, the authors define the science of reading and distinguish it from the science of reading instruction. Then, they share their analysis of some of the opportunities and potential obstacles for school library programs and share some suggestions for implementation.