Fifty feminists and 50 control subjects were tested as to attitudes about, and involvement in the women's movement. Externality was shown to be related to involvement. (DM)

Yale freshmen were classified into four ideology groupings and two levels of activism. The absence of significant interactions and the concordance of some correlates of activism and ideology are discussed. (DM)

Examines dilemmas caused when people seek to extend their moral community beyond themselves and their blood relations. Discusses limits of a moral community. Explores the entitlements included in an extended moral view. Discusses how this extension is achieved and who decides outcomes. Comments on when responsibility ends. (JS)

Areas of psychological theory relevant to the coming out process are discussed, including identity formation, self-disclosure and self-validation, and socialization. Differences are noted in the experiences of men and women with regard to conformity to and violation of sex-role expectations, as well as to political and legal issues. (Author/WI)

Continued research into the sex-role expectations which therapists hold toward clients is an issue of particular relevance to the gay community. The training of psychotherapists should pay attention to both sex-role expectations and homosexual stereotypes as potential sources of bias in therapists' perceptions and evaluations of homosexual…

Changing environmental attitudes from an economic to a moral orientation are discussed in terms of the activation of moral norms to guide and evaluate behavior. (DM)

Describes a study on the value patterns of a midwestern municipal police force, and compares police values with those of representative samples of black and white Americans. (JM)

Presents descriptive and analytic data about tolerance for civil liberties and dissent among the American public, asserting that support for free speech and dissent in concrete situations is more limited than support for abstract principles--a gap explained in terms of dynamics of threat, value conflict, cognitive dissociation, and socialization…

Compares three models positing differing roles for values in predicting fairness judgments and support of affirmative action: Tetlock's (1986) value pluralism models, Lind's (1992) fairness heuristic hypothesis, and Jackman's (1978) model involving no role for values. Results support the fairness heuristic hypothesis, indicating that values play a…

Studies effects of variables hypothesized to affect inclusion by 182 male and 181 female high school students of animals within their scope of justice. Conflict with the animal and utility of the animal modify justice's scope. Similarity between the animal and people plays a complicated role in exclusion. (SLD)

Discusses the degree of support for civil liberties shown over the years in U.S. public opinion polls, summarizing the trends in American public opinion on tolerance of some forms of dissent shown in the 1954, 1972, 1973 and 1974 National Opinion Research Center polls, assorted Gallup and Harris polls, and other data sources. (JM)

Discusses six impediments to independent expression of opinion: risks of disapproval, lack of perceived alternatives, fear of disrupting the proceedings, absence of shared communication, inability to feel responsibility, and sense of impotence. Asserts that to overcome these impediments, socialization oriented to the critical evaluation of…

Presents data regarding belief in freedom of speech and press collected in early 1970 in face to face interviews with 2,486 respondents in a national probability sample of adults in order to test several hypotheses derived from previous empirical research, noting that the pattern of differential distribution of such belief appears to be quite…

Major points of this paper are: (a) that the goals of femininity and competence are not necessarily the same, and (b) that little is known about how to rear females to be competent, partly because competence, especially intellectual competence, has never been considered an important goal for females. (Author/AM)

Reports a survey in which American, British, and German adolescents between the ages of 11 and 18 were asked to weigh the merits of two potentially intrusive laws and to state whether or not individual freedoms ought to be respected. (JM)