Examines dilemmas caused when people seek to extend their moral community beyond themselves and their blood relations. Discusses limits of a moral community. Explores the entitlements included in an extended moral view. Discusses how this extension is achieved and who decides outcomes. Comments on when responsibility ends. (JS)

Details a systematic pattern of abridging procedural justice that excludes Haitians from the community of justice. Discusses the flight of the Haitian boat people. Explains how the U.S. denies due process to Haitians. Discusses the policy of deterrence. Explains how national security is used as the motive for denying asylum to Haitians. (JS)

Describes how certain motives can combine with the exclusion of people from the moral universe, leading to torture, genocide, and mass killing. Personal goal theory is presented as a framework that guides moral conduct. Discusses the psychological bases of exclusion and inclusion. Discusses the power and obligation of bystanders. (JS)

Analyzes psychological mechanisms by which moral control is selectively disengaged from inhumane conduct in ordinary and unusual circumstances. Explores the symptoms of moral exclusion as described in the literature. Presents categories that unify theory on moral exclusion and contribute practical classifications for use in empirical studies. (JS)

Explores ways in which public schools, which are supposed to be universally accessible moral communities, engage in patterns of systematic exclusion. Presents three case studies of secondary schools in which issues of exclusion of groups of students have arisen concerning ideologies of merit, choice, and tradition. (JS)

Discusses the moral exclusion of American citizens of Japanese descent during World War II. Compares perceptions of moral community, fairness, and redress for three groups. Contrasts the views of Caucasian Americans; the Nisei, interned American citizens; and the Sansei, children of Nisei born after World War II. (JS)