In two mid-sized, southern cities, Nashville and Louisville, communities took vastly different approaches to public school desegregation. Where Louisville saw widespread success in fully integrating its schools, Nashville failed. Through qualitative research it is asked, "What are the most compelling explanations for the long-term failure of…

Places current controversies over affirmative action and higher education desegregation in the historical context of legal challenges to the U.S. racial social order. With a specific focus on the role of federal courts, the article provides an overview of the legal cases and issues involved in efforts to address the effects of segregation and…

Reviews the efforts of Oklahoma to comply with the 1969 Supreme Court decision, "Adams v Richardson," which required states to desegregate traditionally White educational institutions. Concludes that Oklahoma has failed to increase the number of minority students in institutions of higher education but has institutionalized the…

The major decisions of pre-and post-Brown and the history of African American student achievement are discussed through an analysis of select federal court decisions. One can conclude that the struggle for equal educational opportunity for African Americans in the United States is vying for the attention of more conservative Federal Court judges.

Since Brown v Board of Education, the Federal courts have consistently supported and extended the position that legally compelled segregation of students by race is a denial of equal protection. Support from the Federal government's executive and legislative branches, however, has never been so consistent. (CMG)

Attacks the Consent Decree (which formally ended the dispute between the Office for Civil Rights and the University of North Carolina, over hiring at the University) as paternalistic and racist. Describes the Decree as resorting to omissions when it is advantageous to Whites and to generalities when it is advantageous to Blacks. (CMG)

Explains how unequal salary schedules for Black and White teachers with similar qualifications were eliminated in public schools. Reviews pertinent federal court cases and legal arguments, describes how adopted salary schedules (in contrast to merit-based salary schedules) affected court decisions, and discusses the effects of the court decisions.…