Traces the history of TRIO Programs, highlighting their effectiveness in closing educational opportunity gaps in U.S. society. Examines participation criteria, focusing on evolving definitions of educational disadvantagement relative to TRIO eligibility. In examining TRIO's Upward Bound program, the article reviews over 30 years of research on and…

Suggests several criteria for the short-term evaluation of school desegregation: (1) racial balancing; (2) equity; (3) educational improvements; and (4) citizen participation. Evaluates school desegregation in Milwaukee according to these criteria and judges it to have been a mixed success. (GC)

Traces the direction which the mainstreaming movement has taken to date, analyzes models for organizing schools to best meet the needs of all children, discusses ways for facilitating appropriate changes, and describes the interrelationship between the mainstreaming movement and the desegregation and multicultural education movements. (Author/GC)

Provides an archival analysis of the relationship between the NAACP and its progeny, the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., in their joint battle to end segregation in the United States, especially in its public schools. Legal efforts targeting NAACP operations in the aftermath of Brown are examined. (GR)

Examines the potential impact of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the struggle initiated by Brown, namely, that of freeing the nation's schools and educational work places from the effects of racial discrimination. It also discusses the major components of the ADA and offers policy guidelines for implementing the ADA in schools and…

Argues that the successes of some urban school districts must be organized into a powerful system that delivers excellence and equity for all school children. This objective can be furthered through the addition of controlled choice to the public-education reform agenda. Controlled choice is within-district public-school choice. (SLD)

Charts the forward and backward movements of African Americans in education since the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision, noting both obstacles and success factors that have shaped the black educational experience at elementary, secondary, and higher levels. Influences on black students' achievement and college attendance are described.…

The National Education Association (NEA) asserts that precertification testing should be an important filter for guaranteeing that only competent candidates are certified to teach. However, NEA also stresses that all teacher education students must have equal opportunity and access to the resources required to produce quality teachers and is…

Taken together, recent national education reports imply that public resources should be refocused toward students with acceptable in-school skills, technological head starts, and higher than average incomes. Implementation of such policies will result in further educational inequities, disenfranchisement, and discontent among disadvantaged groups.…

Discusses three educational issues: (1) the quality and equality of educational access; (2) the narrowing of the pipeline to higher education; and (3) the diversity of the teaching force. (MW)

Characterizes the school attendance of African Americans in rural Cass County (Michigan) prior to and following the Civil War. Before the war a substantial difference between the races existed in school enrollment, but in the 1860s and 1870s, African American school enrollment rose, superseding that of whites by the 1880s. (SLD)

Discusses the severe underrepresentation of children of color in public school programs for the gifted and their concomitant overrepresentation in Special Education programs. The authors suggest policy, legal, and educational strategies for assuring equitable representation of black students in gifted programs and otherwise reversing…

Presents a case study of one school district engaged in a reform designed to reduce ability grouping, noting teachers' and parents' role in undermining equity-minded change. The detracking was prompted by a federal court order as part of a larger desegregation case. Wealthy white parents were disproportionately heard by district policymakers,…

The impact of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas 1954 decision on the desegregation of public schools in the United States of America and the provisions of better learning opportunities for African American students are described. The study showed that the issues around African American teachers, post-desegregation, have to be studied…

Examines the response of a large racially mixed urban California school community to the tension between excellence and equity in public education and describes how 319 African American students experienced school reform, including detracking. Findings indicate the potential of detracking for real educational improvement. (SLD)