An historical treatment of the Office of Education's establishment in 1867, the reform expectations which accompanied its creation, and a discussion of the reasons for its failure to become an effective force in providing equal education for blacks. (EH)

Illustrates how one California elementary school has developed a culture where all students, particularly highly mobile students, receive the same benefits and opportunities. While there is no formal program, all students, benefit from the way the school conducts its services. Presents a case study, describes the process for taking in new…

The intersection of the concepts of accountability and choice and their impact on students of color in the United States is described. It was found that students of color will be doubtful recipients of either equality of opportunity or greater educator accountability, with the current government activity.

An account of the State of Florida's attempts to resist the desegregation mandate of the 1954 "Brown" decision, as initial public school integration did not take place until 1959. (EH)

The desegregation of colleges and universities that emerged from the integration of elementary and secondary schools are described. Higher education legal history simultaneously holds the dual honor of progenitor and progeny of the framed Brown case.

A report on the multi-cultural curriculum as it fits into a structure of educational change priorities held by a large number of high school teachers and principals in a Western state. Also discussed are the positive/negative perspectives of these teachers and principals regarding this curriculum as an instrument for increasing learning among…

Introduces a collection of essays by four educators who have dealt extensively with issues of race and its various manifestations. The four essays address fundamental issues about how race as a social reality has shaped, and continues to shape, the lives of people in the United States. Through the lenses of different academic disciplines, the…

A study draws on the case study of one suburban school district in U.S. to detail the structural, institutional, and symbolic inequalities that characterize such settings and contribute to educational inequality. It finds that even in supposedly integrated suburbs, African American and Caucasian students navigate a racialized educational terrain…

It is suggested that the Supreme Court's resolution of the DeFunis case and a memorandum from Peter Holmes, director of the Civil Rights Office, could mark the beginning of an undeclared period of retrenchment in the areas of minority group rights. Effective strategies need to be formulated to develop a creative affirmative action policy and to…

Presents an overview of recent South African educational policy developments occurring before and after the 1994 democratic elections. Examines the reform potential of the policy context, the principles that guide policy selection, and policy agenda for action. Suggests key issues for developing norms and standards for the system. Contains 10…

Zero tolerance is an education policy and practice that undermines the life chances of students, particularly African American students and it is assumed that zero tolerance needs to be opposed democratically at both the classroom and community levels. Raymond William's conception of equality of being as an approach for guiding future…

This article examines the education of African American girls and women. It begins with a look at scholarship on African American girls and women published in "The Journal of Negro Education" from its inception in 1932 to the present. Subsequently, a historical overview of the long, hard-fought struggles of educating this population for…

Explores one southern community's response to the 1954 Brown decision, its subsequent handling of school desegregation, and events immediately following the decision, which provide a context for the 1980s decision to consolidate the community's middle school students to reduce perceptions of race-based inequality. Analyzes the current status of…

In addition to its time-honored function of transmitting the heritage and of developing rational power, Washington believed that the school must also concern itself with character building, vocational training, civic and social competency. (Author/AM)

Concludes that as integrated schooling has never really been tried on a large scale and desegregated schooling has failed miserably, integrated schooling as an operational concept deserves the attention of education planners. (Author/AM)