While segregation in public schools was found unconstitutional in the "Brown v. Board" of Education of Topeka Kansas case in 1954, many present day African American students still attend segregated schools. Within these "de facto" segregated schools, students meet challenges to educational achievement. In a sample of 160…

The impact of the Knight v. Alabama ruling by looking at undergraduate student demographic data for historically African American Alabama A&M University and Alabama State University and traditionally American Auburn University and the University of Alabama is discussed. To eradicate the remaining residue of discrimination and segregation, the…

The study reported here demonstrates institutional racism in the staffing procedures of the Buffalo public school system during the period 1956-63; the proportion of temporary, inexperienced and male teachers appointed to segregated black vs. segregated white schools was determined. (Author/JM)

A survey beginning with the work of those Reconstruction legislatures that asserted free education as a right of the black citizen and concluding with a summary of the multiple forms the black revolt has taken since the 1954 Brown decision. (JM)

In preparing its second brief in the Brown v. Board of Education case, the NAACP relied heavily on the knowledge and research skills of many scholars who had pursued graduate studies with awards from the Julius Rosenwald Fund, which was devoted to the advancement of African Americans and improvement in race relations. The fellowship program also…

This case study traces the formation of a school district profoundly affected by race, political, sociological, and economic factors by examining a district in Cincinnati (Ohio) from the turn of the century through the 1950s. The study confirms the relationship between economic participation and educational opportunities. (SLD)

The North Carolina Supreme Court considered the Federal separate-but-equal mandate as manifesting the law of nature. Separation of Black and White children was justified on grounds that their differences were so great that any attempt to educate them together would be dangerous to the State's welfare. (CMG)

Provides a tribute to the legacy of Thurgood Marshall through an examination of Marshall's key role in the history of desegregation. It focuses on his position as lead counsel for the NAACP assigned to argue Brown v Board of Education before the Supreme Court and his subsequent influence as a member of the Court. (GR)

Analyzes Thurgood Marshall's role as a critical jurist, especially in light of recent criticism directed at Brown v Board of Education. It discusses the separate-but-equal doctrine of Plessy v Ferguson and Marshall's underlying strategy that such a doctrine was harmful to black children. It concludes with the author's interpretation of Marshall's…

Presents a history of the social, educational, and legal events leading up to Brown v Board of Education. It also provides a comprehensive review of major Supreme Court rulings on desegregation and equal education opportunity for African Americans in the 40 years since Brown. (GR)

Discusses the implementation of desegregation since Brown v Board of Education, focusing on the practical difficulties and promises associated with helping to make desegregation a reality from its beginnings to today's focus on achieving unitary status in formerly segregated school systems. Discussions include issues of freedom of choice, student…

Examines the dilemma faced by black leaders who accepted delays in the full implementation of Brown v Board of Education to ensure that its mandates would be accomplished through additional litigation. It explores changing policy in school desegregation litigation, desegregation guidelines, new legal statutes and desegregation, and what the future…