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Development of Oral Reading Fluency in Children with Speech or Language Impairments: A Growth Curve Analysis
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Puranik, Cynthia S.; Petscher, Yaacov; Al Otaiba, Stephanie; Catts, Hugh W.; Lonigan, Christopher J. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2008
This longitudinal study used piece-wise growth curve analyses to examine growth patterns in oral reading fluency for 1,991 students with speech impairments (SI) or language impairments (LI) from first through third grade. The main finding of this study was that a diagnosis of SI or LI can have a detrimental and persistent effect on early reading…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Early Reading, Speech Impairments, Learning Disabilities
Response to Intervention as a Vehicle for Distinguishing between Children with and without Reading Disabilities: Evidence for the Role of Kindergarten and First-Grade Interventions
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Vellutino, Frank R.; Scanlon, Donna M.; Small, Sheila; Fanuele, Diane P. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2006
Children at risk for early reading difficulties were identified on entry into kindergarten, and half of these children received small-group intervention two to three times a week during their kindergarten year. The other half received whatever remedial assistance was offered by their home schools. These children were again assessed at the…
Descriptors: Early Reading, Grade 3, Reading Difficulties, Kindergarten