Explores the circumstances under which public employers may take action on employment-related matters without bargaining agent assent in those instances in which a contract has terminated or negotiations have reached an impasse. (Author/IRT)

It should be deemed an unfair practice under applicable state and local laws for an employer to make a unilateral change in the terms and conditions of employment prior to the exhaustion of post-impasse procedures, whether or not the change is consistent with employer bargaining proposals. (Author/IRT)