The major finding of this study is that the rise in female labor force participation rates from 1956 to 1975 did not lower the overall level of experience. The widening gap between male and female earnings is attributed to the effects of discrimination and role differentiation. (SK)

The author feels that the income advantage of a male college graduate has fallen during the past 10 years. This is due in part to the difficulty college graduates have encountered in obtaining college-type jobs. He states that the job market for new graduates in the 1980s should improve. (CT)

University of California undergraduates (n=1,269) were asked to estimate starting salaries for bachelor's and master's engineering graduates, average engineering salaries, and average earnings of full-time workers with high school or undergraduate education. Beliefs varied systematically with year of study, proximity of the occupation to student's…

Analysis of British married women's employment decisions indicates that differences in wage offers between full- and part-time employment are important determinants of working full-time. Women who work despite low earning power, husbands' high income, or discouraging family circumstances tend to work part-time. (SK)

Estimates of interindustry wage differences using National Longitudinal Survey of Young Men data show that 84% of variance is explained by individual fixed effects. Although efficiency wage theories predict that differences should widen in a recession, these data do not demonstrate such a tendency. (SK)

Employment survey data show that, although training intensity in the first three months of employment is similar for men and women, women are employed in positions with shorter training and less capital. These differences and lower market valuation for women's work experience account for much of the wage gap. (SK)

Transcript data from the National Longitudinal Study confirmed economic returns for bachelor's degrees and found indirect returns for associate degrees and certificates. Those who enroll in but fail to complete postsecondary education have earnings comparable to high school graduates. Fundamental differences in labor markets for college graduates…

In five industries, controlling for other forms of segregation, occupational segregation produces a gap of 11 percent (manufacturing) to 26 percent (services) in male/female wages. The wage gaps from employer and job cell segregation are about 6 percent. Policies such as comparable worth act on occupational and job cell components. (SK)

Analysis of career histories of 9,756 Washington teachers using a transition probability model shows that teachers work for less time in districts that spend more for administrators or nonteachers, female teachers stay longer when teacher salaries increase relative to other local jobs, and male teachers stay longer when teachers are paid more…

The intergenerational earnings regression in Canada suggest that credit limits educational choice. Nonlinearities in earnings regressions cannot be used as evidence of binding credit constraints, and concave regressions do not follow from credit constraints.

This paper develops and estimates a model for the choice of part-time and full-time employment and the decision to pay for childcare among single mothers. The results indicate that a lower childcare price and a higher full-time wage rate both lead to an increase in overall employment and the use of paid childcare. The part-time wage effects are…

Using data on wage claims investigations of a state labor department, this study indicates that investigators become significantly more productive during the first six years of job experience. (SK)

Evidence on nurses' wage rates is examined to determine whether higher credentials command a premium in the marketplace. Also examined are private rates of return to determine if higher nursing education is a worthwhile investment for individuals. Findings reveal that employers pay modest premiums for enhanced educational credentials. (Author/SSH)

Federal policy toward youth is divided between those encouraging employment and child labor laws which govern employment of those from 14-17. This study deals with quantification of the impacts of child labor laws by using Census data to identify shifting employment toward occupations not covered by these laws. (Author/JOW)

Using self-reported sex discrimination data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women, a study found that working women who report discrimination are more likely to change employers or interrupt their labor force participation. However, women who report discrimination do not accrue less experience or have lower wage growth. (SK)