Within the literature, a negative stereotype of "old" has been emphasized which, it has been argued, is important for self-concept in late life. This paper questions the validity of this argument and presents an alternative model more congruent with extant data. (Author)

Objective social integration only has an indirect impact on morale, with subjective sense of integration being the intervening variable. This relationship remains significant even when other factors such as socioeconomic status, financial satisfaction, and health status were controlled. (Author)

Examines the degree to which previous factors shown to be related to morale were isomorphic for aged whites and aged blacks. Results indicate that for Blacks the only two significant predictors of morale were health and participation in solitary activities. For whites, interaction with family and sex were also found to be significant. (Author)

Pearson Product Momen correlation coefficients were computed for seven frequently used measures of life satisfaction, adjustment, and morale. Data were collected from 259 subjects over the age of 60 representing three clusters: institutionalized older people, those with limited ambulation, and "community" aged. Intercorrelations indicate…

Results provide qualified support for the multidimensional approach to life satisfaction and for the independence of each dimension. Problems with activity theory and attendent measures may be responsible for this qualification. (BEF)

A fully recursive path model heuristically depicting a causative chain between financial situation, health satisfaction, satisfaction with standard of living, satisfaction with family life, and satisfaction with life as a whole was examined. The model was shown to be an effective predictor of satisfaction with life for each sex. (Author)

This study constitutes an effort to apply to females the role-theoretical orientation to work and retirement in old age which has often been applied to men. Cross-sectional data are used to test the hypothesis that older working women have better morale than those not working. Results are discussed. (Author)

The new scale was a better predictor of "avowed happiness" in both validation and cross-validation samples than the existing scales used for comparison. Moreover, the new scale's test-retest reliability was within an acceptable range for this type of scale. (Author)

Indirect self-destructive behavior (ISDB) is associated with direct suicide potential, dissatisfaction with the treatment program and with life in general, confused reasoning and judgment, poor prognosis for discharge, the absence of religious commitment, and significant losses in the patient's life. ISDB is an alternative form of suicide. (Author)

Several dimensions of impulse control (i.e., delay of gratification, reflectivity, and motor control) were related to intelligence, mental status, and adjustment among 91 institutionalized aged women. The findings suggest that impulse control in its various forms has a consistent and significant relationship with indices of adaptation. (Author)

Examines the structure of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center (PGC) Morale Scale using a multiple indicator structural equation model. Based on the 1968 National Senior Citizens Survey, the model is consistently replicated across four subsamples. The claim that the PGC Morale Scale is multidimensional is only appropriate for first-order factors.…

Attempts to replicate research on the activity theory of aging. Behaviorally based activity scales were drawn from daily activity inventories of residents of three retirement communities. Findings support the activity theory. Informal activities had the most positive affect on respondents' life satisfaction. (Author/JAC)

Evaluated a causal model of life satisfaction by using four data sets with sample sizes ranging from 961-3,996. The proposed structural model fit the male and female samples and results were replicated across the four data sets. No systematic sex differences were found in terms of structural parameters. (Author/RC)

Geriatric ward patients (N=84) were randomly assigned to groups targeted for outplacement planning or inpatient care. During the following year, the mean Morale Inventory score of the outplacement sample improved while that of the inpatient group remained statis. Results argue for an increased emphasis on outplacement programs among geriatric…

Effects of marital status on morale relative to five covariates were examined with 232 widowed and 363 married women aged 45-74. Lower morale scores found among the widowed may be partly attributable to other factors commonly associated with this status and not due to the role of widowhood per se. (Author)