Elderly people show preservation, or even enhancement, of data-driven control but loss of memory-driven control of selective attention. As people grow older they become more labile and more subject to control by external events. Old subjects remember, analyse, and employ smaller samples of the recent past. (Author)

Age-related differences in continuous recognition memory were assessed in adults. High and low frequency words were presented to the subject one at a time. No age difference was found in recognition latency or errors. Low frequency words were recognized faster and with higher accuracy. (Author)

Examined memory for the lateral orientation of scenic pictures in young (N=112) and older (N=109) adults in two experiments under incidental or intentional learning conditions. Results suggested an age-related deficit in truly non-intentional encoding of orientation and pose a challenge for capacity theories of memory across the lifespan. (JAC)

Three groups of older adults were compared on a free recall task with categorizable lists. Data showed that older adults' memory performance is modifiable and that efficient performance is obtained when instructional training is aimed at the processes that are crucial to task performance. (Author)

Recall and recognition were tested in adults from each of six age decades. Memory test items occurred long ago. The difference between recall and recognition memory for this type of information was similar for all age groups. Retrieval deficits as a function of age were not observed. (Author/BEF)

Older individuals have been reported to use imagery mediation less in remembering verbal material. To determine whether this is due to decrease in the speed with which verbal stimuli are recoded into pictorial representations, the reaction time of 12 old (63-78) and 12 young (17-25) subjects for matching verbal descriptions to geometric shapes was…

College-age and older adults predicted their memory spans and indicated readiness to recall sets of drawings. Differences were obtained in recall readiness. In Experiment two the recall of a chunking and rehearsal trained group of older adults was better than that of a control group given standard instructions. (Author)

Adults in their twenties and sixties were tested for free recall, cued recall, and recognition of words that they had studied in an intentional memory task or generated associations to in an incidental orienting task. Significant age-related declines in performance on intentional items were observed regardless of type of memory test. (Author)

Elderly subjects demonstrated significantly greater levels of persistence. Contrast relationship of the target stimulus and its background did not interact with age. Although the data were consistent with a hypothesis of increased persistence of stimuli in the senescent nervous system, problems in the direct measurement technique are evident.…

Adults aged 64-76 were tested on several measures of spatial rotation ability. Memory for the test stimulus was an important factor in the performance of those who generally performed at a high level and not for those who performed poorly. (Author)

The Wickens "release from proactive inhibition" task involves presenting several trigrams of one type for several trials and then shifting to another type. College students, elderly community residents, and elderly rest-home residents were compared on the Wickens task. College students were superior in over-all memory. (Author)

Study replicates and extends the results obtained by Attig and Hasher (1980) in finding null effects for adult age variation and instructional variation on a relative frequency judgment task. Finds nonsignificant covariation for both young and elderly adults between judgment proficiency and paired-associate learning proficiency. (Author)

Subjects (n=24), 12 of whom were in the age range of 18-30 years and 12 of whom were between 55-65 years, performed two semantic memory tasks. Results suggested that subjects in the older group may have retrieved information faster than the young subjects, but that they required longer to decide upon a response. (Author)

Free recall lists were presented to young (N=42) and old (N=42) males under three conditions: (a) active auditory; (b) passive auditory; and (c) visual only. The young group recalled more words than the old at each presentation position under each condition. (Author)

Tested for the effects of differential word familiarity and one versus two semantic tasks on recall in young and older adults following semantic processing. The results demonstrated that word familiarity and number of processing tasks both had a strong effect on recall. (Author)