This study investigated the self-reported fears and some personality characteristics of a sample of 1112 adolescents ranging in age from 12 to 18 years (attending grammar and secondary schools in Northern Ireland). (CS)

A total of 126 elementary school girls from second, fourth and sixth grades in a semi-rural, working-class community were studied to determine their perceptions of female vocational roles. Maternal employment status and grade level affected subjects' views of women as possible entrants into male dominated vocations. (Author/ED)

Mediational strategies and recall of sentences varying in imagery were compared in 46 elderly and young adult men and women. (BD)

Presents a study of the development of conservation of weight among socially deviant adolescents. (BD)

Socioeconomic factors which differentiate social-class groups vastly overshadow any within-family treatment factors that might affect intellectual growth. (Authors)

Results supported the hypothesis that 12 year olds are more willing to lie for a peer who previously helped them than are 8 year old. (Author)

Pre-experimental predictions that an increase in grade would be paralleled by an increase in degree of meaning conditioning, in amount of awareness, and in amount of conditioning with awareness were not supported in this investigation, consideration of possible reasons for such a result help clarify the nature of meaning conditioning. (WY)

Results support the hypothesis that certain classification skills underlie two types of role-taking ability: (1) in which children were asked how another child would think a cartoon ended if shown only the beginning; and (2) in which children were asked how another child would think a cartoon began if shown only the end. (Author/DB)

Investigated the ability of kindergarten, first-grade and third-grade boys and girls to use a mnemonic strategy in a spatial task. (Author/DB)

The mediational abilities of 40 preschool, 40 first grade, and 40 elderly subjects were assessed using the Kindler's three stage transfer paradigm, with both familiar and novel stimuli serving as potential mediators. (MS)

In the present study, the authors investigated age differences in children's understanding (a) that a person's behavior may contribute to the formation of a shared opinion within the peer group and (b) that origins of a reputation can be direct or indirect. The authors read stories in which a target character engaged in either prosocial or…

With 101 healthy aging adult participants, the authors investigated whether executive functions are a unitary concept. The authors established the factor structure of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST; E. A. Berg, 1948), the Stroop color and word test (C. J. Golden, 1978), verbal fluency using the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT;…

This study assessed personal space schemata of children towards stimulus figures representing male and female body build stereotypes. Greater spatial distances were used towards the Endomorph than other physique types and significant sex differences were found. (GO)