Subjects were assigned to four experimental groups: neurotic extraverts, stable extraverts, neurotic introverts, stable introverts, and a control group. Results indicated that introversion, and not neuroticism, facilitated conditioning processes. Neuroticism, however, did not interact on the conditioning of affective self disclosures. Introverted…

The influence of spatial features of the counseling environment on conditioning of self-reference statements was examined in two studies conducted at disparate geographical locations. The variable of room size was found to be the most significant variable in both studies. Smaller rooms tended to inhibit the conditioning process. (Author)

This study on operant conditioning showed that both groups showed significant improvement in reading skills from pretest to posttest, but that the reinforced group showed significantly more improvement than the nonreinforced group. (Author)

Investigated the effects of different sets of instructions (feeling disclosure, logical disclosure, placebo control, and control) to discuss personal concerns on subject productivity and subject satisfaction ratings. Analyses indicated the instructional manipulation was effective in producing different kinds and amounts of talk by condition.…

Subjects were given a set emphasizing the importance of facilitative conditions or one in which no specific mention was made of the conditions. Although learning was not clearly demonstrated, the results indicated that the experimenters high in facilitative conditions elicited a greater percentage of the response class than did experimenters low…

Depression in a college population was found to be correlated with small changes in many activities rather than with the large reductions in overt behavior reported for clinically depressed individuals. Results of the study suggest the possibility of an operant component in maintaining depressive behavior. (Author)

Effects of interpretation and restatement on client expression of self-reference affect in a low-structured interview were examined. Subjects were 40 female volunteers. Interpretation treatment achieved significant positive conditioning of self-reference affect. Restatement treatment achieved significant negative conditioning of the critical…

Compared relative effectiveness of two multicomponent strategies in the treatment of test anxiety. Test-anxious students were assigned to groups. Within-group changes between pre- and post-testing favored multicomponent treatments. Between groups, both desensitization treatment programs demonstrated significant improvement over no-treatment on…

A comparison was made between the traditional counterconditioning paradigm and a self-control paradigm of systematic desensitization. College students reporting high test anxiety and indicating interest in receiving treatment were assigned to counterconditioning, self-control, or wait-list control conditions. As predicted, self-control procedures…

Pre- and posttest ratings on measures of helping skills such as empathy, respect, concreteness, and genuineness were obtained in the preliminary and advanced training. A significant training effect was obtained for both groups. Desensitization treatment was a significant source of variance for the experimental subjects in training. (Author/LA)

To replicate a study purporting to show positive effects of facilitative interpersonal functioning in a conditioning paradigm, 32 subjects were verbally conditioned within an experiment designed to vary preexperiment interview, facilitative level of the experimenter, and contingency of reinforcement. The present study failed to substantiate the…

Analysis of the data indicated that the low self actualizing group had the highest rate of conditioning, while the high self actualizing individuals showed a nonsignificant gain in the rate of affective self disclosures during conditioning but were more resistant to extinction as compared to the low and the moderate groups. (Author)

Two treatments were compared for reducing anxiety and raising achievement. Significant anxiety reduction occurred in the behavioral group, although following treatment no improvement in achievement occurred. Some implications are discussed. (Author)

Examined relationships among locus of control, specificity of instruction, and verbal conditionalibity on self-referenced affect in a counseling analogue interview. Results indicated that specific instructions combined with verbal conditioning procedures produced the greatest increase in self-referenced affect for both internal and external…

Findings provide no evidence that parent training classes in behavior modification and effective communication produce substantial differences in outcome. Interpersonal needs, rather than the type of educational module, dictate the tendency for persons to remain in the training program. (Author)