Conducted two studies to assess dimensionality of supervision. Examined dimensionality and construct validity of Bernard's model using 15 doctoral trainees. Expanded and tested model in combination with other supervision model using 25 master's level and 23 doctoral level counselor trainees. Three dimensions emerged which were consistent in…

Beginning practicum counselors rated the frequency with which supervisors performed 42 supervisor behaviors. Counselors also rated effectiveness of supervision. Supervisors perceived supervision as providing feedback. Beginning counselors rated supervision as good if a personal supervisor-supervisee relationship existed and supervisors provided…

Investigated sex-typed and androgynous subjects' (n=21) preferences for male and female counselors of low, medium, and high levels of effectiveness. Both groups of subjects used information related to effectiveness and ignored gender information, contrary to the predictions of gender schema theory that sex-typed subjects would use gender when…

The problems with which peer counselors are most effective are identified, paraprofessional training is described, and the professional and paraprofessional roles are clarified. The wider effect of such a program on the university and the program participants is discussed. (Author)

Developed and validated Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity Inventory with trainees and supervisors in practicum, internship, and postinternship settings. Role difficulties were predictive of more work-related anxiety, general work dissatisfaction, and dissatisfaction with supervision. Beginning trainees reported more role ambiguity than experienced…

For females only, the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) tests of 128 college students showed: (1) dissimilar concepts of self and others, ranking least-to-most sex typed in the order predicted; (2) inaccurate perceptions of the other sex's ideal; and (3) association of sex typing with poor adjustment. Results are discussed. (Author)